高产油量优质杂交油菜中油杂8号的选育及优良特性  

Development and Superior Performance of High Oil Yielding Canola Hybrid Zhongyouza No.8

作　　者：李云昌[1] 胡琼[1] 梅德圣[1] 李英德[1] 徐育松[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所/国家油料作物改良中心/农业部油料作物遗传改良重点实验室,武汉430062

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2005年第11期2198-2204,共7页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家"863"项目(2003AA207150;2002AA207009);湖北省"十五"科技攻关项目(2001AA204A04);农业部"948"项目(2003-Q04)

摘　　要：通过杂种优势利用来提高油菜产量的同时提高种子的含油量,从而获得油菜生产最终目标性状——产油量的总体提升是发展高效低成本油菜产业的保证。介绍了利用辐射诱变、有性杂交结合单株成对测交等方法,改良油菜细胞质雄性不育三系的育性、产量和含油量性状,选育高产油量杂交油菜品种中油杂8号的过程及其特性。在湖北省和中国油菜品种区试中,中油杂8号比对照中油821分别增产9.82%和10.64%,达极显著水平;含油量和产油量在湖北省区试中均居参试品种首位,分别达42.77%和1051.05kg·ha-1,比对照品种分别提高3%和161.3kg·ha-1,是目前长江中游区含油量最高的少数几个优质杂交油菜品种之一。文中还对中油杂8号的强优势基础、增产高油因素及通过大粒性状培育高产油量油菜品种的育种策略进行了讨论。High oil yield resulted from the combination of high grain yield and high oil content is a prerequisite for the development of high efficient oilseed rape production. Using irradiation induced mutation, sexual hybridization combined with paired test cross, the fertility, yield and oil content of the three lines of cytoplasmic male sterility were improved and a new hybrid variety Zhongyouza No.8 with high oil yield was developed. The yield of Zhongyouza No.8 was significantly higher than that of the control variety Zhongyou 821 with 9.82% and 10.64% increase in Hubei provincial and nationwide trials, respectively. The oil content and oil yield of Zhongyouza No.8 was the highest among all the lines in Hubei provincial trials, being 42.77% and 1 051.05 kg.hal with 3% and 161.25 kg·ha^-1 increase compared to the control Zhongyou 821, respectively. The genetic basis for the strong heterosis, factors contributing to the yield and oil content increase of Zhongyouza No.8 as well as the strategy for high oil yielding variety improvement through the increase of seed size are discussed in this paper.

关 键 词：甘蓝型油菜 高含油量 中油杂8号 杂交种选育 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学] S792.119