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机构地区:[1]南京大学城市与资源学系,南京210093 [2]日本广岛大学国际协力研究科
出 处:《生态学报》2005年第11期3010-3018,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica
基 金:中国科学院知识创新资助项目(KZCX3-SW-424);国家自然科学基金资助项目(40371038)~~
摘 要:随着社会经济的发展,人们越来越关注生活质量,而具有重要生态和社会经济功能的城市绿地是反映一个城市生活质量的重要指标。因此,城市绿地空间格局的定量研究就显得尤为重要。以济南市作为研究区,以RS和G IS为技术手段,采用梯度分析和景观指标相结合的方法,在8个方向上从市中心到边缘取样,对研究区1989、1996、2004年的城市绿地空间格局及其变化进行了定量分析。研究结果表明:(1)基于城市绿地类型图、运用移动窗口所得到的梯度分析结果能够准确的表达城市绿地空间格局及其动态变化;(2)城市绿地时空梯度的动态变化能够反映城市土地利用空间结构及政府政策的影响;(3)梯度分析方法能够实现景观指标的空间化与可视化;(4)局部区域上的景观指标量化与整个景观水平上的量化相比,能够更好的连接景观格局与过程,对进一步分析城市绿地的生态和社会经济功能具有重要意义。Urban green space can be defined as outdoor places with significant amounts of vegetation and mainly exists as seminatural areas. It has important ecological and social functions, including maintaining biodiversity, absorbing rainwater and pollutants, mitigating urban heat island effects, providing recreation venues, reducing work-related stress, and increasing property values. With social development, people pay much more attention to the living standard in the urban area. Urban green space becomes an important indicator. Analysis of green space pattern is the basis to optimize urban planning in the future. In china, after the Reform and Open Policy and the Urban Land Reform initiated in 1980s, Chinese cites are facing a rapid urban expansion and redevelopment. This rapid urbanization profoundly transformed the spatial pattern of urban area, obviously, including the green space. The government attempts to plan green space to adapt the urban development, which requires an understanding of the process of green space change. This has been done since 1980s. But most of the cities have implemented green planning since 1990s. Quantification of green space patterns is a prerequisite to the understanding of green space changes, and is essential for monitoring and assessing green space functions. This paper presents a new method for quantifying and capturing changes in green space patterns, through a case study of Ji'nan city which carried out five phases of greening work after the establishment of the “Great Changes in Five Years” in 1997, resulting in tremendous change of urban spatial pattern, especially the green space, during 1989-2004. Supported by GIS and remote sensing, we quantified the local green space with the “moving window” technique (using FRAGSTATS), and a gradient analysis by sampling from the urban center to the fringe. Results demonstrated that:(1) Based on urban green space type map and moving window technique, gradient maps of different landscape metrics in each local area
分 类 号:TU985.2[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]
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