不同心理健康意识大学生的心理健康状况比较  

Comparison of mental health state among college students with different mental heath consciousness

作　　者：吴先超[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学心理健康教育中心,湖北省武汉市430070

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2005年第44期35-38,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

基　　金：湖北省社会科学研究"十五"规划重点资助项目(2004W002)~~

摘　　要：目的:分析大学生心理健康状况及其与心理健康意识的关系。方法:于2003-03采用随机整群抽样调查方法,在湖北地区选取8所高等院校(武汉大学、华中科技大学、武汉理工大学、中国地质大学、华中师范大学、华中农业大学、湖北中医学院、湖北教育学院)一、二、三、四年级按一定的性别、年级、专业比例抽取学生2000人作为观察对象。采用自制调查问卷了解大学生心理健康意识情况。具体内容包括:大学生对心理健康教育必要性的认识、心理咨询的主动性、对学校心理咨询的了解等方面。采用症状自评量表调查大学生心理健康水平。量表包含90道题,反映心理疾病症状的躯体化、强迫、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性、其他10个因子。采用5级计分法:1从无、2轻度、3中等、4偏重、5严重。评估标准:各因子中有1个因子得分≥2分,认为有轻微心理困惑;有1个因子得分≥3分,有中度以上的心理卫生问题,只要有1个因子的得分≥4分,有较严重的心理卫生问题。结果:发放调查问卷2000份,回收有效问卷1741份,有效率87.05%。①湖北高校21.02%(366/1741)的大学生有中度心理问题,2.81%(49/1741)的大学生可能有较严重的心理问题。二年级大学生存在中度以上心理卫生问题最高。来自大城市的大学生中可能有中度以上心理卫生问题的比例最低,其次是来自地县级城市的。②对“您觉得学校加强心理健康教育有必要吗?”,回答“必要”的学生在强迫、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执、精神病性等因子的得分比回答“非常必要”的大学生相对较低,差异有显著性。在敌对和偏执等因子上的得分上与回答“没有必要”大学生的差异有显著性。而回答“非常必要”的大学生在人际敏感、敌对和偏执等因子上的得分比回答“没有必要”的低,且差异有显著AIM： To analyze the mental health state of college students, and investigate its correlation with mental health consciousness. METHODS： By means of random cluster sampling, 2000 college students, who came from 8 universities of Hubei area （Wuhan University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Technology, China University of Geosciences, Huazhong Normal University, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Institute of Education） were selected in March 2003 according to the percents of gender, grade and major. The self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the mental health consciousness of college students. The contents included knowing the importance of mental health education, positive psychological consultation and knowing the psychological consultation of university, etc. The mental health level of college students was assessed with symptom checklist-90 （SCL-90） consisted of 90 questions, including 10 factors of somatization, obsession-compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychoticism and others which reflected the symptoms of mental diseases, the 5-grade scoring system was used： 1 as none, 2 as mild, 3 as moderate, 4 as trended to severe, 5 as severe. Evaluative standards： one factor score ≥2 points was considered as mild mental question; one factor ≥3 points as moderate mental question; one ≥3 points as serious mental question. RESULTS： Totally 2 000 questionnaires were handed out, and 1 741 valid ones were recollected, the effective rate was 87.05%. ① 21.02% （366/1 741） college students had moderate mental question, 2.81% （49/1 741） college students had serious mental question. ② On “Do you think it is important to strength mental health education in college？”, the students thought it was essential had lower scores on obsession, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, p.aranoid ideation and psycho

关 键 词：学生 问卷 调查 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]