基本体操练习对幼儿身体形态和机能影响的6个月观察  

A six-month observation on the influence of basic gymnastics on the figure and function of children

作　　者：张勇[1] 胡新磊[2] 

机构地区：[1]邯郸学院体育系,河北省邯郸市056005 [2]邯郸市第一医院急诊科,河北省邯郸市056002

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2005年第44期111-113,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的:观察幼儿运动项目中以徒手体操为主,以简单的技巧单个动作、基本的舞蹈单个动作、部分素质、柔韧练习及队列队形变换为辅的幼儿基本体操练习对幼儿身体形态和机能8项指标的影响。方法:于2002-10-07/2003-04-06以石家庄市6所幼儿园4～6岁幼儿为观察对象。选取报名参加2003年全国基本体操表]大会的幼儿45名为高难度组,报名参加石家庄市第四届(2003年)幼儿基本体操表]大赛的幼儿60名为低难度组,随机抽取与上述两组幼儿的同一幼儿园同班接受常规教育的幼儿共50名为对照组。实验两组分别通过不同难度的幼儿基本体操练习,与常规教育的幼儿进行相互间的对比,通过幼儿身高、坐高、体质量、胸围、上臂部皮褶厚度、肩胛下角部皮褶厚度、腹部皮褶厚度、安静时心率8项指标验证幼儿基本体操练习对幼儿身体形态和机能的影响。实验时间为6个月。结果:参与观察的幼儿155名全部进入结果分析,没有脱失。①高难度组男女安静时心率指标显著低于对照组[(85.5±9.1),(91.4±9.1);(86.8±10.8),(92.9±9.0)次/min;t=-2.190,-2.151,P<0.05],高难度组男子肩胛下角部皮褶厚度指标显著高于对照组[(5.6±2.5),(7.5±2.8)mm;t=-2.406,P<0.05],幼儿基本体操练习在短时间内对幼儿的身高、坐高、体重、胸围影响不大(P>0.05)。②参与体操训练的两组幼儿身高坐高指数都比实验前降低了,对照组却没有这个现象(高、低难度组和对照组男女幼儿的身高坐高变化指数分别为-0.49,-0.42,0.10;-0.38,-0.26,0.00)。③3组幼儿在半年的实验后,心率指标较第一次检测都有较明显的降低,从多到少的顺序依次为高难度组、低难度组、对照组。高难度组男女幼儿和对照组之间有显著性差异(7.1,0.4;10.0,1.5;t=-2.190,-2.151,P<0.05)。结论:幼儿基本体操练习短期内对幼儿的身体形态指标影响不大,但可以促进幼儿的身体向着匀�AIM： To probe into the newly born sports of children＇s basic gymnastics （CBG）, which consist of bare-handed gyms as main part, simple skillful actions, basic dancing actions, part quality and tenacity exercises and formation, and its influence on the eight indexes of figure and body functions. METHODS： From October 2002 to April 2003, children aged 4 to 6 years were selected from 6 kindergartens of Shijiazhuang city. Forty-five children who had registered to attend the National Children＇s Basic Gymnastics Competition in 2003, were taken as high difficulty group, 60 children, who had registered to attend the Fourth Children＇s Basic Gymnastics Shijiazhuang 2003 as low difficulty group, then fifty children were randomly selected from the candidates＇original kindergartens as control group. Children in the two experimental groups were compared with the regularly educated children to testify the influence of the children＇s basic gymnastics on the 8 indexes, including body height, sitting height, body quality, chest circumference, skinfolds of the upper arm, the scapular and the belly, resting heart rate. The experiment lasted for 6 months. RESULTS： All the 155 children were involved in the analysis of results, no one lost. ①The resting heart rates of boys and girls in the high difficulty group were significantly lower than those in the control group [（85.5±9.1）, （91.4±9.1）; （86.8±10.8）, （92.9±9.0） beats per minute, t =-2.190,-2.151, P 〈 0.05], the skinfolds of scapular of boys in the high difficulty group was significantly higher than that in the control group [（5.6±2.5）, （7.5±2.8） mm, t=-2.406, P 〈 0.05]. Short-term CBG had no great influence on the body height, sitting height, body mass and chest circumference of children （P 〉 0.05）. ②The body height and sitting height in the children participated in the exercise were all decreased as compared with before exercise, which were not observed in the control group （the changed indexes of body height and sit

关 键 词：儿童发育 体育运动/生理学 身体素质 体操 体型 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]