极低频电磁场对小鼠睾丸细胞DNA以及精子染色质结构的影响  

Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on DNA of testicular cells and sperm chromatin structure in mice

作　　者：洪蓉[1] 张燕[1] 刘赟[1] 翁恩琪[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学环境科学系环境生理与毒理研究室,上海200062

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2005年第6期414-417,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：目的研究50Hz电磁场暴露对小鼠睾丸细胞DNA以及精子染色质结构的影响。方法将昆明种雄性小鼠暴露于0.2mT或6.4mT、50Hz电磁场中,持续4周,分别采用单细胞凝胶电泳法和精子染色质结构检测法分析睾丸细胞DNA断裂情况以及精子染色质结构。结果经电磁场暴露后,0.2、6.4mT组睾丸细胞彗星的相对尾长、彗尾相对DNA含量分别为17.86%±14.60%、2.32%±4.26%及17.88%±13.71%、2.35%±3.87%,与对照组(13.06%±12.38%、1.52%±3.25%)相比,均有明显上升,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。0.2、6.4mT组发生DNA迁移的细胞百分率分别为37.83%、39.38%,对照组为25.64%。流式细胞术对精子染色质结构检测的结果表明,S.D.αT(αT分布标准偏差)、XαT(αT均值)没有发生明显变化,但COMPαT(主群以外的精子占总精子的百分数)与对照组相比,有上升的趋势。结论极低频电磁场可引发睾丸细胞DNA链断裂增加,可能引起精子核染色质浓缩异常。Objective To study the effects of 50 Hz electromagnetic fields（EMFs） on DNA of testicular cells and sperm chromatin structure in mice. Methods Mice were exposed to 50 Hz,0.2 mT or 6.4 mT electromagnetic fields for 4 weeks. DNA strand breakage in testicular cells was detected by single-cell gel electrophoresis assay. Sperm chromatin structure was analyzed by sperm chromatin structure assay with /low cytometry. Results After 50 Hz,0.2 mT or 6.4 mT EMFs exposure, the percentage of cells with DNA migration in total testicular cells increased from the control level of 25.64% to 37.83 % and 39.38% respectively. The relative length of comet tail and the percentage of DNA in comet tail respectively increased from the control levels of 13.06% ± 12.38% and 1.52% ±3.25% to 17.86% ± 14.60% and 2.32% ±4.26% after 0.2 mT exposure and to 17.88% ± 13.71% and 2.35% ± 3.87% after 6.4 mT exposure（ P 〈 0.05）. Exposure to EMFs had not induced significant changes in S. D. uT and XuT, but COMPuT（cells outside the mian population of u t）, the percentage of sperms with abnormal chromatin structure, increased in the two exposed groups. Conclusion 50 Hz EMFs may have the potential to induce DNA strand breakage in testicular cells and sperm chromatin condensation in mice.

关 键 词：电磁场 睾丸 精子 DNA损伤 染色质 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学]