杭州某幼儿园入托儿童金黄色葡萄球菌携带状况调查  

Study on carriage of staphylococcus aureus in young children attending a kindgarten

作　　者：徐静芳[1] 华春珍[1] 李珊[1] 赵丽娅[2] 孙鹂[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州师范学院医学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]浙江大学幼儿园,浙江杭州310013

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2005年第6期487-489,共3页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

摘　　要：[目的]了解健康入托儿童不同月份金黄色葡萄球菌的携带菌情况.[方法]对2002年9月～2003年5月杭州某一甲级幼儿园2～5岁的入托儿童常规进行咽拭子培养,以乳胶凝集试验和细菌自动鉴定系统Vitek GPI卡对可疑菌株进行鉴定.用Kirby-Bauer法检测其对12种抗生素的敏感性,同时用E-test法检测苯唑西林和万古霉素的最低抑菌浓度.[结果]9个月中受检儿童761人次,74名携带有金黄色葡萄球菌,总携带率为9.7%,尤以5月份最高,达16.0%(13/81).男女儿童对菌株的携带率差异无显著性(χ2=0.003,P＞0.05).药敏结果显示91.9%的菌株产生β内酰胺酶而对青霉素耐药,但98.6%的菌株仍对苯唑西林敏感.菌株对红霉素、四环素、氯霉素、甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲基异恶唑、利福平和氧氟沙星的耐药率分别为66.2%、31.1%、10.8%、6.8%、2.7%和2.7%.所有的菌株对头孢噻肟、头孢曲松、亚胺培能和万古霉素敏感.[结论]本研究中健康儿童对金黄色葡萄球菌的携带菌率以5月份为高,且对青霉素多呈耐药,但绝大多数菌株仍对苯唑西林敏感.[Objective] To investigate the carriage of Staphylococcus aureus （S. aureus） on children attending kindgarten in different months in Hangzhou. [Methods] During the 9 months period, September 2002 through May 2003, pharygneal samples were obtained once a week from a kindgarten children aged 2 to 5 years and S. aureus isolates were identified with GPI card of Vitek system. The drug sensitivity tests were determined with Kirby-Bauer diffuse method and MICs of oxacillin and vancomycin were performed with E-test method. [Results] Seventy-four strains of S. aureus were isolated from 761 children and the total rate of carriage was 9.7%, including the highest rates as 16.0% in May, and it was not significantly associated with sex （X^2 =0. 003,P〉0.05）. Drug sensitivity test showed that 91.9 % of the strains were β-1actamase positive and resistant to penicillin, while 98.6 % of the strains were sensitive to oxacillin. Of all 74 strains, rates of resistance to erythromycin, tetracycline , chloramphenicol , trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole, rifampin and ofloxacin were 66.2%, 31.1%, 10.8%, 6.8%, 2.7% and 2. 7% respectively. All strains were sensitive to ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, imipenem and vancomycin. [Conclusions] S aureus were adopted to colonize in pharyngeal of children especially in May in the study, and they always showed β-1actamase positive and resistant to penicillin, while most of them were still sensitive to oxacillin.

关 键 词：金黄色葡萄球菌 儿童 携带 耐药率 

分 类 号：R175[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]