辐射工作者个人受照剂量与淋巴细胞微核的相关研究  

Correlation Between Low-level Radiation Exposure and Peripheral Lymphocyte Micronucleus Rate in Exposed Radiologist

作　　者：韩方岸[1] 胡云[2] 朱庆安 徐庆 仲志鸿[1] 

机构地区：[1]镇江市疾病预防控制中心检验科,江苏镇江212003 [2]镇江出入境检验检疫局卫生检疫科 [3]镇江市卫生监督所放射科 [4]镇江市卫生局卫生处

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2005年第6期1260-1262,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：镇江市社会发展科技计划基金项目(SH2004039)

摘　　要：目的分析个人受照剂量对外周血淋巴细胞微核的影响,为采取有效措施,保护放射工作者健康提供科学依据。方法连续6年对放射工作人员个人受照剂量进行监测,并检验淋巴细胞微核,分析两者相关规律。结果放射组工作人员淋巴细胞微核细胞率、微核阳性检出率均显著高于对照组。乡镇医院组、工业探伤组显著高于市属医院组、县区医院组。淋巴细胞微核率、微核检出率与放射工龄呈曲线正相关关系(r=0.957,P<0.01);与个人年受照剂量呈直线正相关(r=0.996,P<0.01);与个人累积受照剂量呈直线正相关(r=0.996,P<0.01)。结论低剂量电离辐射对放射工作人员细胞遗传学造成一定损伤,放射防护工作中必须重视减少电离辐射剂量。Objective To explore the effect of long-term low-level radiation exposure on peripheral lymphocyte micronucleus（PLM） rate among the radiologists. Methods The individual exposure levels were monitored by radiation exposure dosimeter among 598 radiologists from hospitals and enterprises in a period of 6 years, and their peripheral lymphocyte micronucleus rates were determined for assessment of exposure-response relationship. Results The PLM rate of the radiologists was significantly higher than that of control groups. Among the radiologists, the PLM rate of workers from industrial detection departments and town hospitals was higher than that of municipal hospitals. There was significant exposed dose - response relationship and a positive correlation was evident. Conclusion Long-term low-level radiation exposure can induce somatic genetic damage, and effective protective measures should be improved.

关 键 词：电离辐射 放射人员 受照剂量 微核 相关关系 

分 类 号：R146[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]