湖南省洞庭湖洲垸亚型血吸虫病疫情3年纵向观察  

Three Years of Longitudinal Observation on Endemic Situation of Schistosomiasis in a Subtype of Islet With Embankment in Dongting Lake Regions of Hunan Province

作　　者：姚孝明[1] 赵正元[2] 周应彩[1] 肖俊文[1] 张献忠[1] 曾凡权[1] 贺宏斌[2] 石孟枝[2] 刘宗权[2] 李岳生[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省常德市疾病预防控制中心,湖南常德415000 [2]湖南省血吸虫病防治所

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2005年第6期1271-1273,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：美国NIH-中国疾病预防控制中心国家寄生虫病防治所热带医学研究中心(TMRC)资助(项目编号:2P50A139461-06A)

摘　　要：目的观察洲垸亚型血吸虫病疫情纵向变化规律,分析影响因素.方法居民病情和疫水接触史进行队列研究,家畜病情和螺情进行纵向调查.结果五一村居民累计血吸虫病率72.2%,累计急血患病率8.3%,累计晚血患病率1.6%,疫水暴露率43%.2002～2004年居民粪检阳性率分别为13.7%、11.3%、11.7%.粪检阳性者化疗后一年内疫水暴露率93.4%,居民重复感染率35.1%.五一外洲感染螺分布广泛,钉螺感染率达0.90%,感染螺平均密度0.0263只/0.11m2.结论垸外草洲是主要疫源地.本地耕牛及副业渔民是主要传染源,也是重复感染的主要对象.这类地区需加强垸外草洲综合治理,压缩疫源地,调整产业结构,提高居民自我防护意识.Objective To observe the changing regulations of endemic situation of schistosomiasis in a subtype of islet with embankment. Methods Cohort study was carried out among the prevalence and water contact of residents, and longitudinal study was undertaken for prevalence of water buffaloes and snails dynamics. Results For residents, the cumulated prevalence of schistosomiasis was 72.2%, with the cumulated acute disease being 8.3% and the cumulated advanced disease being 1.6%. The water contact rate in residents was 43%. From 2002 through 2004 the positive rate of stool examination in residents was 13.7%, 11.3%, and 11.7%, respectively. Within a year after the positive cases were given chemotherapy, 93.4% of them had contacted the contagious water, and their reinfection rate of schistosomiasis came to 35.1%. On the beaches outside the embankment of Wuyi village, snails extensively distributed, and their positive rate reached O. 90%, with the density of infected snails being 0.0263/0.11m^2. Conclusion The beaches outside the embankment are the major transmission areas. Local buffaloes and side fishermen are both the main reservoirs of schistosomiasis and the infection targets. For this type of epidemic areas, the synthesized control would be required, and measures might include the reduction of transmission areas, adjustment of agricultural production system, promotion of the self-consciousness of prevention from infection and so on.

关 键 词：洲垸亚型 血吸虫病 队列研究 感染性钉螺 再感染 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学]