碳氢化合物在制冷工质替代过程中的应用  

APPLICATION OF HYDROCARBONS IN PROCESS OF REFRIGERANT SUBSTITUTING

作　　者：王松岭[1] 论立勇[1] 谢英柏[1] 成耀龙[2] 

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学动力工程系 [2]西安交通大学制冷与低温工程系

出　　处：《天然气工业》2005年第12期121-124,共4页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：华北电力大学博士学位教师基金项目(09310011)资助。

摘　　要：氟利昂类物质由于会破坏臭氧层并产生温室效应而被限制使用,并规定了禁用年限,因而寻找一种对环境不产生危害的环保制冷剂就成为了制冷行业的当务之急。碳氢化合物类制冷剂如丙烷(HC290)、丁烷(HC600)、异丁烷(HC600a)等ODP值为零,GWP值很小,具有很好的热力学特性,且为天然物质,因此是一种很好的氯氟烃制冷剂替代物。为此,分析了常用碳氢化合物制冷工质的物性、热力学特性、循环特性,并与二氟一氯甲烷(CFC12)、二氟二氯甲烷(HCFC22)和四氟乙烷(HFC134a)等氯氟烃制冷工质作了对比分析,总结了它们在制冷空调等领域的应用和研究现状,并对其可燃性和在制冷行业的应用前景进行了分析。Freon materials are limited to use because they damage the ozonosphere and make the greenhouse effect. And they will be banned to use in the given time. Therefore, it is urgent necessary for the refrigeration industry to find a refrigerant that is environment-friendly. Hydrocarbons such as propane (HC290), butane (HC600), isobutene (HC600a) etc. have zero ODP, small GWP, and excellent thermodynamic property, and they are natural substances. So they are good alternatives of Freon refrigerants. The physical property, thermodynarnic features and cycle characteristics of the common refrigerants with hydrocarbons are analyzed. And the refrigerants with hydrocarbons are compared with the Freon refrigerants such as CFC12, HCFC22 and HFC134a. The current status of application and study of the refrigerants with hydrocarbons is described in the refrigeration and air-condition field, Also, the flammability and the applying prospect in the refrigeration industry are analyzed for the refrigerants with hydrocarbons.

关 键 词：碳氢化合物 替代 制冷 工质 物理性质 热力学性质 可燃性 环境保护 

分 类 号：TB64[一般工业技术—制冷工程]