黄土丘陵区小流域综合治理生态经济过程分析——以宁夏隆德县李太平小流域为例  

Analysis on eco-economic process of small watershed comprehensive management in loess hilly region: A case study on Litaiping small watershed in Longde county of Ningxia

作　　者：党小虎[1] 刘国彬[2] 张广军[3] 马月玲 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所 [3]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [4]宁夏回族自治区隆德县水利局,宁夏隆德756300

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2005年第4期70-76,共7页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国西部地区不同生态地域山川秀美试验示范区建设与重大科技难题研究(2002BA901A43)中国科学院知识创新项目"黄土高原水土保持与生态环境建设试验示范研究"(KZCX1-06)

摘　　要：从生态经济系统分析角度出发,对小流域生态经济结构及其演变进行分析,以期评价小流域生态经济效益。对比分析了小流域生态经济系统土地利用结构及其适宜性、产业结构、消耗结构和饲料生产平衡,利用线性模型对土地利用结构进行了优化模拟,采用描述生态系统稳定性的多样性指数描述流域经济系统稳定性,并用静态和动态模型对治理经济效果进行评价。流域农、林、牧用地比例由1990年的6．2:2．0:1．0变为2003年的1．9:1．4:1．0;农业产值所占比重由79．6％下降为54．8％;林业、牧业、副业产值比例分别由9．6％、9．6％、1．1％上升为22．7％、 15．1％、7．4％。收入多样性指数呈增加趋势,消耗结构趋向合理,饲料供需平衡,经济评价中各指标均显示经济效益显著,表明生态经济结构明显有利于生态经济系统的进展演变,流域生态经济结构趋于稳定,生态经济效益显著。From the point of eco-economic system analysis, the eco-economic system structure and succession process are analyzed to evaluate eco-economic benefits in small watershed management. The land utilization structure as well as suitability, industry structure, consumption structure and the balance between supply and demand for forage were analyzed by comparison in small watershed eco-economic system. And the land utilization structure was optimically simulated by using linear model. The stability of economic system was described with the diversity index of ecological system stability, and the economical benfits was evaluated adopting static and dynamic models. The results showed that the ratio of cropland, woodland and pasture land was changed from 6.2：2.0：1.0 in 1990 to 1.9： 1.4： 1.0 in 2003. The proportion of agricultural production decreased from 79.6% to 54.8%, and the proportion of forest and husbandry as well as sideline production increased from 9.6%, 9.6% and 1.1%, to 22.7%, 15.1% and 7.4% respectively. The diversity index of the income tended to increase. The consumption structure tended to rationalization, and the balance between the supply and demand of forage was kept. All indexes in economic evaluation showed that economic benefits was remarkable. All results indicated that the eco-economic structure of the watershed was obviously favorable for progressive succession, which tended to stability with significant eco-economic benefits.

关 键 词：生态经济过程 生态经济结构 小流域 黄土丘陵区 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学] F321.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]