纳米碳酸钙增韧聚氯乙烯复合材料的微结构及界面行为  

Microstructure and Interfacial Properties of CaCO_3 Particle Reinforced Polyvinyl Chloride Composites

作　　者：孙水升[1] 李春忠[1] 张玲[1] 曹宏明[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学材料科学与工程学院超细材料制备和应用教育部重点实验室,上海200237

出　　处：《华东理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2005年第6期812-816,共5页Journal of East China University of Science and Technology

基　　金：上海市基础研究重大项目(04DZ14002);国家基础研究重大项目前期研究专项(2002CCA02200);国家自然科学基金(20236020;20176009);教育部科学技术研究重点项目(02159);上海市重点实验室专项(04DZ05622);上海市纳米科技基金项目

摘　　要：选择微米、亚微米和纳米级碳酸钙增韧聚氯乙烯复合材料,研究了填料粒度对聚氯乙烯(PVC)复合材料微观结构、材料力学性能及界面行为的影响。结果发现少量CaCO3填充PVC复合材料使体系的加工流动性变好,大粒径颗粒填充PVC复合材料的流动性能更好。纳米CaCO3/PVC复合材料断面出现大量的拉丝结构。采用纳米CaCO3填充PVC可使材料产生脆韧转变,显著提高PVC复合材料的韧性;微米CaCO3对PVC基本上没有增韧作用,拉伸强度随着填充量的增加而下降,而且粒径越大拉伸性能下降的趋势也越大。引入了TPT方程的半经验参数B对不同粒径的CaCO3填充PVC复合材料的界面粘接情况进行定量描述,发现碳酸钙颗粒粒径越小,界面作用越大。The equilibrium torque of PVC （polyvinyl chloride） composite decreased with the CaCO3 addition; a greater reduction was noted when CaCO3 particles of larger size were employed. SEM （scanning electron microscopy） photographs showed that the particles were well dispersed in PVC matrix and that the ＂silk network＂ structure of the fracture surface existed only in composites containing nanoparticles. Such a microstructure was the mechanism for the improved toughness of CaCO3/PVC composites. Relative to the base PVC, the tensile strength of the composites decreased, and greater reductions were observed when larger CaCO3 particles were employed. The observed matrix-filler interactions were well correlated by the TPT equation using a proper value for the semi-empirical B parameter.

关 键 词：聚氯乙烯 纳米碳酸钙 流变性能 界面行为 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ32[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]