外来杨树遗传资源及其存在的问题  

The Genetic Resources of Introduced Populus and the Problems Existed in China

作　　者：苏晓华[1] 丁明明[1] 黄秦军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2005年第6期743-748,共6页Forest Research

基　　金："863"项目(2002AA241071)国家"十五"攻关项目(2002BA515B03)

摘　　要：简要回顾了我国不同时期引进的杨树遗传资源。在总结了外来杨树资源对推进我国杨树栽培品种化和育种 上起到了重大作用的同时,针对目前存在的问题提出了今后应加强的研究工作:必须加强对基因资源研究的投入, 建立完善的资源保存基地,增强今后杨树育种创新能力;扩大资源评价研究的规模和深度,使外来杨树资源利用更 有预见性;杂种杨树的基因渗入可能会改变原有乡土杨树的遗传多样性和完整性,对人工育成品种导入不育基因是 防止基因污染的关键技术措施,应作为今后推广新品种的一项必备新指标;为应对我国气候变化可能为杨树集约栽 培带来的有益性(栽培区北移和生长期延长)和潜在的生态风险(干旱缺水)及病虫灾害所需求新品种作前瞻性准 备,必须从现在起开始新一轮杨树种质资源的收集和研究。This paper reviewed the introduced genetic resources of Populus in different phases briefly, and summarized the important role of introduced resources in cultivating and the breeding. The authors considered that the research should be strengthened according to the problems presented nowadays. It is necessary to increase the investment to the research of genetic resources, build up the perfect base of genetic conservation, strengthen the innovative abilities to the poplar breeding, extend the scale and the profundity of the estimate research of the introduced genetic resources to achieve the abilities of foreseeing the use of the introduced genetic resources. The gene saturation to poplar hybrids can change the genetic diversity and the integrality of native poplar, the artificial hybrids transformed the foreign genes is the key technology to defend the gene pollution which should be taken as the new needed index to popularize the new varieties. It should start the new turn of collection and research to genetic resources of poplar in order to do the foreseen prepare of the new needed varieties for the intensive management benefit （cultivated range moved to north and the grown period prolonged） which is brought by climate change, the potential ecology risk （absent water） and the disaster brought by insect or disease.

关 键 词：杨树 遗传资源 引种 存在问题 

分 类 号：S792.11[农业科学—林木遗传育种]