近50年我国日平均气温的气候变化  

THE CHANGE OF DAILY TEMPERATURE DURING RECENT 50 YEARS IN CHINA

作　　者：于淑秋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《应用气象学报》2005年第6期787-793,共7页Journal of Applied Meteorological Science

基　　金：国际科技合作重点项目(2004DFA06100);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2003CB716806)共同资助

摘　　要：应用近50年我国234个测站的日平均温度资料,研究了最高(低)日平均温度、各种界限温度日数、生长季节长度及有效积温的变化趋势.结果表明:近50年,夏季最高日平均温度以上升为主,新疆南部和黄淮的部分地区为下降趋势;最低日平均温度北方大部地区有较明显的升温趋势,新疆南部及长江流域则有下降趋势;在冬季,无论是最高日平均温度还是最低日平均温度的变化趋势均以上升为主,北方尤为明显;日平均温度高于30 ℃的炎热日数近50年来基本上没有什么变化,但日平均温度为20～30 ℃的温暖日数却有增加.低于5 ℃的冷日日数基本上也是减少的.日平均温度低于-10 ℃的严寒日数,在40°～45°N的新疆、内蒙古西部、东北中南部地区减少得更为明显.除西南东部等少数地方外,我国大部分地区近50年来生长季节延长,有效积温增加.Using the daily temperature data of 234 stations during recent 50 years in China, the trend of daily maximum/minimum, the changes of days with characteristical temperature, the growing season length and effective accumulative temperature are stutied. The result shows the daily maximum displays an obvious increase trend in summer for most of northern part of the country, while there is a decrease trend in south part of Xinjiang and middle Huanghe river and Huaihe river basins. The daily minimum of summer in most part of northern China has increasing trend, while in south part of Xinjiang and Changjiang river basins it is decreased. During winter time, both daily maximum and minimum have increasing trends, especially in the northern China. The number of hot day with 30℃ or above is not change obviously, but the number of warm days with temperature 20 -30℃ increases during the last 50 years, number of days with temperature below 5℃ decreases. The cold days with daily temperature below 0℃ decrease in the region north to Changjiang river. Also the very cold days with daily temperature below -10 ℃ decrease along the region 40°-45° N decease very obviously. The growing season length in most parts of the country, except the southwest region increases during recent 50 years. Accordingly the effective accumulative temperature increases too.

关 键 词：中国 日平均气温 气候变化 界限温度日数 生长季节长度 有效积温 

分 类 号：P468.021[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]