车前草穗枯病研究——Ⅰ.症状及病原菌鉴定  

Studies on the Plantain Head Blight——Ⅰ.Symptoms and Identification of Pathogenic Fungus

作　　者：李庚花[1] 张敬军 蒋军喜[1] 曾昭祥 向妙莲[1] 曾水根 陈玉兰 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学农学院,江西南昌330045 [2]江西省吉安县植保站,江西吉安343100

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2005年第6期872-874,共3页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家科技部资助项目

摘　　要：对车前草穗枯病症状进行了系统观察,并对其病原菌进行了鉴定.车前草穗枯病主要为害穗部,也为害穗轴和叶片.穗部主要表现为顶端变黑腐烂,后引起全穗枯死;叶片出现圆形、直径1～2 cm大型病斑,病斑中央灰绿色,边缘暗绿色,病叶易发生焦枯;穗轴、叶柄产生椭圆形或梭形大斑,病斑呈暗绿色或灰白色.病部易产生大量黑色小点(子座).病菌鉴定按柯赫氏法则进行.在成功完成病菌分离、回接及再分离过程的基础上,对病菌的形态及大小进行了观察和测量,结果表明车前草穗枯病病原菌为一种壳梭孢属真菌(Fusicoccum sp.).The symptoms of plantain head blight were systematically observed, ant its pathogen was identified. Ears, ear stems, and leaves were the parts easily infected with plantain head blight. Symptoms on ear first appeared as black rotted in its upper part, and developed as blight of the whole ear. Leaf spots were 1 to 2 centimeter in diameter and circular with gray - green centers and dark - green margins. The diseased leaves liable to scotch blight. Affected ear stems and petioles developed large gray or dark -green spots. Large amounts of small black dots （pycnidia） were liable to occure in the diseased parts of the plant. The pathogenic fungus was identified according to the Koch＇ postulate. A series of steps, including the pathogenic fungal isolation, inoculation, and re -isolation were successfully completed. Based on its morphology and size under microscope, the pathogenic fungus of plantain head blight was identified as a species of fungi of Fusicoccum, namely Fusicoccum sp.

关 键 词：车前草穗枯病 症状 病原菌 鉴定 

分 类 号：S436.8[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]