二(2,4,4三甲基戊基)-二硫代膦酸萃取分离Am和Cm的研究  

Extraction and Separation Study of Am and Cm by Cyanex 301 Extractant

作　　者：梁俊福[1] 李旗[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学核能和新能源技术研究院,北京102201

出　　处：《核化学与放射化学》2005年第4期220-224,共5页Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemistry

摘　　要：研究了二(2,4,4三甲基戊基)-二硫代膦酸(HBTMPDTP)对Am与Cm的萃取和分离,单级萃取分离因数约为3。pH值、离子强度、萃取剂浓度、温度等因素对分离因子影响不大。8级萃取、3级洗涤的多级逆流萃取实验表明:HBTMPDTP能够使Am与Cm得到有效分离。萃取实验的计算值和实验值符合很好。根据串级计算给出了HBTMPDTP萃取分离压水堆废液中镅和锔的推荐流程,采用9级萃取、4级洗涤的萃取分离流程,镅的萃取率为99.92%,放化纯度达到99.99%,质量纯度达到99.82%;锔的萃余率为94.90%,放化纯度达到99.90%,质量纯度达到97.68%,镅中锔的分离因数为20,锔中镅的分离因数为1 186。可以满足Am与Cm的分离-嬗变要求。Extraction and separation of actinides Am and Cm by Cyanex 301 as extractant have been studied. Separation factor of Am from Cm is about 3. The influence of some factors such as pH value, ion strength, concentration of HBTMPDTP and temperature is slight. The separation of Am from Cm is studied by counter-current cascade experiments （8 stages for extraction and 3 stages for scrubbing） and the results show that extraction efficiency of Am is 98.67%, radiochemical purity of Am is 92.22%. Unextraction efficiency of Cm is 86.97%, radiochemical purity of Cm is 99.69%. The experimental values are in good agreement with the calculated values. According to the calculation （9 stages for extraction and 4 stages for scrubbing）, the calculation values are follows, extraction efficiency of Am is 99.92%, radiochemical purity of Am is 95.99%. Unextraction efficiency of Cm is 94.90%, radiochemical purity of Cm is 99.90%. The separation factor is 20 for Am in Cm and 1 186 for Cm in Am.

关 键 词：镅 锔 萃取 分离 HBTMPDTP 

分 类 号：O614.823[理学—无机化学]