粪便处理池粪稀的采样方式对卫生效果评价结果影响的研究  

Study on influence of feces sampling mode to results of hygienic evaluation

作　　者：杭德荣[1] 徐汉顺 颜维安[1] 吴荷珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省寄生虫病防治研究所,无锡214064 [2]江苏省无锡市滨湖区卫生监督所

出　　处：《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》2005年第6期446-448,共3页Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control

基　　金：江苏省地方病协会资助课题(ID:X200334)

摘　　要：目的了解粪便处理池粪稀采样的方式及部位对卫生学评价结果的影响。方法选择正常使用一年以上的三格式化粪池作为实验对象。分别采集第一池及第三池的上、中、下层粪液、搅拌液进行实验室检测,具体指标为寄生虫卵总数、粪大肠菌群值、化学需氧量(CODcr)。将第一池及第三池各4个样本的每项卫生学指标结果分别进行两两比较,分析其差异。结果第一池上、中、下层粪液、搅拌液寄生虫卵数、粪大肠菌群值幂指数、CODcr值每项分别两两比较差异均有显著性(P均 <0．01);第三池上、中层粪液寄生虫卵数差异无显著性(P>0．05),下层粪液及搅拌液寄生虫卵数均高于上层粪液或中层粪液(P<0．05)。第三池上、中层粪液、搅拌液大肠菌群值幂指数差异无显著性(P>0．05),第三池上、中层粪液CODcr值差异无显著性(P>0．05),但均低于下层粪液或搅拌液(P均<0．05)。结论化粪池各池各层粪液成分不同,特别是单位体积寄生虫卵数差异有显著性, 因此采样部位及采样方式的不同对寄生虫卵沉降率结果影响较大。化粪池各层所占体积不同,以各层多点方式采样也可使结果偏差。Objective To understand the influence of the feces sampling mode and site to the results of hygienic evaluation. Methods The two-grille-three-pool, a kind of feces-treatment pool, was chosen as the experimental object. The upper, medium, lower and stirring excrement of the first and third pool was collected and detected in lab. The hygienic indexes were the total number of parasite ova, the value of fecal coliform bacteria and CODcr. Each result of hygienic indexes of the four samples from the first and third pool were analysed and compared. Results There were significant differences of the number of parasite ova, the exponential value of fecal coliform bacteria and the value of CODcr among the upper, medium, lower and stirring excrement of the first pool （P〈 0.01 ）. There was no significant difference of the number of parasite ova between the upper and medium excrement of the third pool （P〉0.05）, but the number of parasite ova of the lower and stirring excrement were both more than that of the upper or medium excrement（P〈0.05）. There was no significant difference of the exponential value of fecal coliform bacteria among the upper, medium and stirring excrement of the third pool （P〉0.05）. There was no significant difference of the value of CODcr between the upper and medium excrement of the third pool （P〉0.05）, but both less than that of the lower or stirring excrement （P〈0. 05）. Conclusions The components of the excrement are different among the different layers of different pools, and there is a significant difference of the number of parasite ova among them. Therefore, different sampling modes and sites have a biggish influence on the sediment of parasite ova. Because different layers have different vol-umes, bias may be exist with multi-site sampling.

关 键 词：粪便处理池 采样方式 卫生效果 

分 类 号：R383[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]