腕关节韧带解剖及组织学特性研究  

A study of the anatomic and histological properties of carpal ligaments

作　　者：徐永清[1] 钟世镇[2] 徐达传[2] 李忠华[2] 汪新民[1] 朱跃良[1] 石瑾[2] 

机构地区：[1]成都军区昆明总医院骨科,昆明650032 [2]南方医科大学临床解剖学研究所

出　　处：《中华创伤骨科杂志》2005年第12期1147-1151,共5页Chinese Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma

摘　　要：目的了解腕关节韧带解剖及组织学特性。方法成人腕关节标本34侧,其中32侧为福尔马林固定标本,2侧为新鲜标本。解剖并观察腕关节韧带的起止、走行、与关节囊的关系及韧带的比邻;测量其长度,取每条韧带的中段测量其宽度和厚度。8侧福尔马林固定标本,解剖出部分腕关节韧带石蜡包埋、切片、HE染色,光镜观察。结果腕关节韧带掌侧较强韧,同时数量也多。相邻韧带形成多个“V”形结构。桡舟韧带、桡舟头韧带和桡月韧带的组织结构相似,由肌腱样的胶原纤维束组成,胶原纤维束之间有少量的疏松组织,其间有血管分布,胶原纤维束呈小的波浪状。桡舟月韧带主要由疏松结缔组织组成,没有粗大的肌腱样胶原纤维束,胶原纤维束很少,而血管束丰富。舟月骨间韧带和月三角骨间韧带的掌侧、背侧和近侧的3个部分不同,特别是近侧部与掌侧、背侧部分。背侧部分主要由粗大成束的横行胶原纤维束组成;掌侧部分也由胶原纤维束组成,其排列方向是斜行,在桡舟月韧带与舟月骨间韧带结合处,可见桡舟月韧带的血管束进入舟月骨间韧带掌侧部分;近侧部分主要由纤维软骨成份构成,其间无血管神经分布。结论大部分腕关节韧带由密集粗大的胶原纤维束为主构成。而桡舟月韧带,则主要由疏松结缔组织组成,其间血管丰富,其功能主要是供血。舟月骨间韧带和月三角骨间韧带的近侧部分,主要由纤维软骨成份组成,其间没有血管。Objective To investigate the anatomic and histological properties of carpal ligaments. Methods 34 cadaver specimens of adult wrists were prepared, of which 32 were fixed in formalin and 2 were fresh. We dissected the specimens and observed the origination, insertion, course, spatial relationship of carpal ligaments with the radiocarpal joint capsule and neighboring relationship with each other. The width and thickness of middle segment of each carpal ligament as well as the length were measured. 8 cadaver specimens of adult wrists were dissected and encircled by paraffin wax. Partial carpal ligaments were sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Then they were put under a light microscope for observation. Results The radioscaphoid, radioscaphocapitate and radiolunate ligaments were found to have similar tissue structures. They were composed of wavy and tendinous collagen fiber fascicles, among which a small amount of loose tissue was found to be intermingled with vessels. The radioscapholunate ligament was mainly composed of loose connective tissue with no bulky tendinous collagen fiber fascicles, few fiber fascicles but rich vessel bundles. The palmar, dorsal and proximal regions of the scapholunate interosseous ligament and the lunotriquetrum interosseous ligament had different histological properties. The difference was especially obvious in the proximal regions compared with the dorsal and palmar regions. The dorsal regions of the 2 ligaments were mainly composed of bulky and bunchy transverse collagen fiber fascicles while the palmar region was composed of oblique ones. The proximal regions of the 2 ligaments were mainly composed of fibrocartilage with no vessels or nerves. At the joining part between the radioscapholunate ligament and the scapholunate interosseous ligament, the vessel bundles of the radioscapholunate ligament were noticed to penetrate the scapholunate interosseous ligament in the palmar region. Conclusions The major ligaments of the wrist are palmar. The palmar ligaments are strong

关 键 词：腕关节 韧带 解剖 组织学 

分 类 号：R322[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学] R329[医药卫生—基础医学]