中国强降水过程时空集中度气候趋势  

Climatic Trends of Heavy Precipitation Spatial and Temporal Concentration in China

作　　者：姜爱军[1] 杜银[2] 谢志清[1] 丁裕国[3] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省气象科学研究所,南京210008 [2]南京大学大气科学系,南京210093 [3]南京信息工程大学,南京210044

出　　处：《地理学报》2005年第6期1007-1014,共8页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技基础性工作专项资金项目(2001DEA30029-0604);江苏省自然科学基金面上项目(BK2005163)~~

摘　　要：基于日降水资料序列提出一种度量不同强度降水过程时空集中程度的指标,根据中国740个气象站逐日降水资料研究分析了我国强降水过程集中度和集中期及其相关统计特征,结果表明暴雨过程年内集中度与年降水量正相关区与中国降水空间分布有很好的一致性;在对大范围洪涝灾害研究方面,暴雨过程年内集中度和集中期在定量地表征降水量在时空场上的非均匀性时有更高分辨力;暴雨过程年内集中度比较清晰地反映出长江流域、江淮地区洪涝增加的趋势及黄河中下游、华北强降水减少的趋势。该方法可直接应用到评估水旱灾害及其气候影响等领域。Based on 740 stations daily precipitation datasets in China, the precipitation-concentration degree （PCD） and precipitation-concentration period （PCP） of different intensity durative precipitation events were calculated to analyze their statistical characteristics, mainly including spatial and temporal distributions, variations and climatic trends of the two parameters of the durative heavy precipitation events in China. It is proved that these two parameters of heavy rainfall can display the temporal inhomogeneity in the precipitation field. And it is also found that there is a good positive relationship between the precipitation-concentration degree and annual rainfall amount in eastem China and central China. This method can be applied in flood assessment and climate changing fields.

关 键 词：强降水过程 气候趋势 集中度 集中期 中国 

分 类 号：P468.024[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]