不同饵料对中国对虾幼虾生长及感染WSSV存活率的影响  

Effects of diets on growth of Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis and survival rate from WSSV

作　　者：董世瑞[1] 高焕[2] 孔杰[2] 王如才[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学生命与科学技术学部,山东青岛266003 [2]农业部海洋渔业资源可持续利用重点开放实验室中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2006年第1期52-58,共7页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2003AA603021);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G1999012007)

摘　　要：采用4种饵料投喂中国对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)幼虾,用投喂感染的方法人工感染WSSV。测定体长、体重以及各组的攻毒存活率,实验周期15 d。ANOVA分析结果表明,投喂鲜活卤虫组体长、体重的增长明显优于其他各组,差异达极显著水平(P<0.01);投喂人工配合饵料实验组的体长、体重增长量最小;投喂鱼肉组体长增长慢于投喂蛤蜊肉组,而体重的增长快于投喂蛤蜊肉组,差异均不显著(P>0.05)。投喂卤虫成体和投喂鱼肉两组的攻毒存活率最高,明显高于投喂配合饵料和蛤蜊肉两实验组,差异达极显著水平(P<0.01);投喂卤虫组和投喂鱼肉组之间存活率无显著差异(P>0.05),投喂人工配合饵料组和蛤蜊肉组差异不显著(P>0.05)。巢式PCR检测表明,人工感染前的中国对虾幼虾少数携带WSSV,人工感染后全部个体检测到病毒特征片段。[中国水产科学,2006,13(1):52-58]Chinese shrimp （Fenneropenaeus chinensis ） is one of the leading cultural species in China. But shrimp farming is currently threatened by pathogen, such as virus, bacteria, et al, among which the white spot syndrome virus （WSSV） is the most serious. The efficient method to avoid or diminish the influence of the virus may lie on the diet, as evidences have revealed the main way that the WSSV spread in Chinese shrimp was caused by food. This study was initiated to assess the effects of four diets on Chinese shrimp. Those four tested diets were assigned into four treatment groups. Four repetitions were made for each diet treatment with 12 individuals in each repetition, including the control groups. The body length as well as the body weight were measured before and after the experiment. The livabilities were also calculated when the shrimp were challenged with WSSV by oral infection in indoor tanks. Total genomic DNA was extracted from the muscle tissue. The characteristic phrase of the virus was detected by nest-PCR. PCR was performed in a 25μL reaction. The reaction in each ease consisted of 150 ng genomic DNA, 2.5μL buffer,50 pmol Mg^2 ＋ , 5 pmol dNTPs, 1.0 U Taq DNA polymerase. The results showed that the gain of body weight and length of the shrimp fed on artemia were significantly higher than those of the other groups （P 〈 0.01）. The shrimp fed on artificial feed had the least gain, and showed significant difference with the shrimp fed on fish and clam in body weight （P〈0.05）, but no significant difference with the one fed on fish in body length （P〉0.05）. The survival rate of the shrimp fed on artemia and fish was significantly higher than thcxse of the groups fed on artificial feed and clam （P 〈 0.05）. Nest-PCR showed few individuals were infected by WSSV before the experiment and all were detected to have the characteristic phrase after the experiment except the ones in the control group. These results demonstrated that the gains of body length and weight were different f

关 键 词：中国对虾 饵料 人工感染 WSSV 

分 类 号：S966[农业科学—水产养殖]