防火林带迎风面风速分布规律的风洞试验  

Wind Speed Distribution in the Aweather of the Firebreak Tree Belt in a Wind Tunnel Experiment

作　　者：邓湘雯[1] 文定元[1] 申初联[1] 何介南[1] 刘豪健 唐刚 

机构地区：[1]中南林学院森林防火研究室,株洲412006 [2]湖南省邵阳县林业局,邵阳422100 [3]广东省连南县林业局,连南513300

出　　处：《林业科学》2005年第6期114-118,共5页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：中南林学院青年科学基金项目(0477项)"防火林带有效结构研究"的部分内容。

摘　　要：采用风洞模拟方法,对通风结构、疏透结构和紧密结构3种防火林带迎风面的风速进行测定,绘制了3种结构防火林带迎风面的相对风速等值线图;根据风速的分布特征,采用多模型选优的方法,确定了山脊防火林带迎风面的相对风速预测模型。结果表明:紧密结构与疏透结构的防火林带迎风面的阻风性能比较好,最小相对风速达到70%以下,而通风结构的阻风性能最小,迎风面的最小相对风速在80%左右。如考虑其综合防火效能则以疏透结构的防火林带阻火性能最佳。The rule of wind speed in the aweather area of the firebreak tree belt with three structures （sparse structure, tight structure and ventilate structure） was tested using simulating method in the wind tunnel experiment. The isogram of relative wind speed in the aweatber area of firebreak tree belt with the three structures were drawn. Based on the feature of the wind speed, the forecasting models of wind speed in the aweather area of the firebreak tree belt had been established using the multi-model optimization. The results showed that the minimal relative wind speed in the windward area of firebreak tree belt with a sparse and tight structure was down to 70 % below , but in the windward area of the ventilate structure was only down to about 80 %. The sparse and tight structure had a better effect of shelterbelt than the ventilate structure in the windward area of the firebreak tree belt. The firebreak effect of the sparse structure was the best.

关 键 词：防火林带 风洞 迎风面 防火林带结构 数学模型 

分 类 号：S762.3[农业科学—森林保护学]