马铃薯晚疫病菌对烯酰吗啉的敏感性基线及其室内抗药突变体的研究  

Study on baseline sensitivity and laboratory resistant mutants of Phytophthora infestans to dimethomorph

作　　者：袁善奎[1] 刘西莉[1] 刘亮[2] 王恒[1] 姜辉[2] 陈隆智[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100094 [2]农业部农药检定所农药生物技术中心,北京100026

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2005年第6期545-551,共7页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金(20040350377)国家自然科学基金资助项目(30400294)

摘　　要：2003-2004年在内蒙古和黑龙江省共分离获得100株马铃薯晚疫病菌,并测定了这些菌株对烯酰吗啉和甲霜灵的 敏感性。结果表明,不同地区、不同年份的马铃薯晚疫病菌对烯酰吗啉的敏感性无显著差异,其敏感性呈连续的单峰曲线 分布,EC50在0．0631-0．2206μg/mL之间,最不敏感菌株是最敏感菌株的3．1倍,平均为(0．1153±0．0308)μg／mL,未 出现敏感性下降的抗药性亚群体,因此可作为马铃薯晚疫病菌对烯酰吗啉的敏感性基线;64％的供试菌株对甲霜灵的敏感 性下降,甲霜灵与烯酰吗啉之间不存在交互抗药性。采用紫外线诱变菌丝的方法仅从3个菌株中的1个菌株获得了3％突 变频率的抗烯酰吗啉突变体,抗性倍数为1．5-1．9,没有获得高抗药水平的突变体。这些突变体与氟吗啉之间具有正交互 抗药性,而与霜脲氰或嘧菌酯之间无交互抗药性;与野生亲本菌株相比,抗药突变体的生长速率和产孢子囊能力显著下降, 不利于抗药群体的发展。但由于马铃薯晚疫病菌被杀菌剂抗性行动委员会认为是高抗药性风险病原菌,建议生产上应将 烯酰吗啉与其它无交互抗性的药剂交替使用或混合使用,以避免或延缓抗药性的产生。In 2003 and 2004, a total of 100 strains of P. infestans were sampled from Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang province, and their sensitivity to dimethomorph and metalaxyl were determined in vitro. The results showed that there were no significantly difference in sensitivity of strains with different geographical regions in both years to dimethomorph, their sensitivities distributed as a unimodal curve, ECsovalues ranged from 0. 063 1 μg/mL to 0. 220 6 μg/mL, the most insensitive was 3.1 folds of the most sensitive, with a mean of （0. 115 3 ±0. 030 8） μg/mL ,so it can be used as baseline-sensitivity of P. infestans to dimethomorph. The sensitivity to metalaxyl of 64% of isolates decreased, but there was no cross resistance between metalaxyl and dimethomorph. The dimethomorph-resistant mutants of one of three isolates were isolated by treating mycelium with ultraviolet radiation. The mutation frequency was 3% and the resistance factors were 1.5 - 1.9 folds, no high resistant mutants generated. There was cross resistance between dimethomorph and flumorph, but not with cymoxanil or azoxystrobin. As compared to their original sensitive strain, the hyphal growth rate and sporulation ability of resistant mutants were all decreased significantly, which will likely have an impact on the epidemic development of dimethomorph-resistant population. However, P. infestans was generally thought as a high risk pathogen by FRAC, so the management of risk of resistance should not be neglected, and it suggested that the dimethomorph should be used alternately or in mixture with other not cross-resistant fungicides to avoid or delay the development of resistance.

关 键 词：马铃薯晚疫病菌 烯酰吗啉 敏感性基线 抗药性 

分 类 号：S435.32[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S481.4[农业科学—植物保护]