华工问题与中墨建交始末  

Chinese Workers and the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations Between China and Mexico in History

作　　者：董经胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学历史学系

出　　处：《拉丁美洲研究》2005年第6期60-64,80,共5页Journal of Latin American Studies

基　　金：中流文教基金会赞助;喜马拉雅研究发展基金会赞助

摘　　要：19世纪中后期,墨西哥出口经济的增长和现代化的启动,带动了对劳动力的大量需求。与阿根廷、巴西等国不同,墨西哥的海外移民绝大部分不是来自欧洲,而主要是来自遥远的中国。正是出于引进华工的需要,墨西哥政府主动与中国清朝政府接触,导致了中墨两国在历史上首次建立了正式的外交关系。来自中国的华工为墨西哥的矿业、农业以及商业的发展做出了重要的贡献。但是,在迪亚斯政权末期,墨西哥政府对于华工的政策开始转变,并在1910年后发生了多次排华运动。本文在参考西方学者研究的基础上,结合中国清政府的档案资料,对这一问题进行了分析。In the second half of the 19th century the rapid growth of the export economy in Mexico created great demand for labor. Unlike Argentina, Brazil and some other Latin American countries, which relied on Europe for the importation of labor force, Mexico attracted many workers from China. Therefore, Mexico took an active attitude towards the establishment of diplomatic relationship with the Qing government of China.Chinese workers made great contributions to the early development of the Mexican economy. Entering the 20th century, however, Mexico started to adjust its policies towards the Chinese immigrants. When the Mexican revolution broke out, Chinese workers were discriminated, and violent expulsion took place in many places.

关 键 词：中拉关系 墨西哥 华工 迪亚斯 

分 类 号：D634.361.1[政治法律—政治学] D822.347.8[政治法律—中外政治制度]