四种脊椎动物血细胞亚显微结构的比较观察  

COMPARATIVE OBSERVATION ON THE SUBMICROSCOPIC STRUCTURES OF THE BLOOD CELLS OF FOUR SPECIES OF VERTEBRATES

作　　者：颜桂利[1] 黄键[1] 江道提 江剑平[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学生物工程学院

出　　处：《解剖学报》1996年第1期100-103,共4页Acta Anatomica Sinica

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金

摘　　要：用透射电镜观察了罗非鱼、虎纹蛙、家鸽和家兔各类血细胞的亚显微结构。结果表明：鱼、蛙、鸽的红细胞呈长椭圆形、长梭形或长橄榄形，有核，核周异染色质明显；而兔的红细胞呈两面凹陷的圆盘状、无核，胞内充满血红蛋白。鱼、蛙、鸽血中尚见到血栓细胞，其形状与红细胞相似，体积较小，胞核较大；兔血小板呈不规则形，无核。鱼、蛙、鸽、兔的白细胞，形状结构基本相似，除能见到核和细胞器之外，胞质内的特殊颗粒以及细胞伸出的伪足、微绒毛等均清晰可见。结果显示：鱼、蛙、鸽在种族发生中处于较低位置，它们的红细胞、血栓细胞、白细胞在形态结构上有许多共性，而兔的血细胞是高度分化的细胞，具有许多不同于鱼、蛙、鸽的特征，这与它在种族发生中处于较高位置是一致的。The submicroscopic structures of various blood cells of Tilaria nilotica,Rana tigrina,Columba livia domestica and Oryctolagus cuniculus domestica were studied under the transmission electron microscope.The results show that erythrocytes of Tilaria nilotica,Rana tigrina Columba livia domestica are long ellipse,long-shuttle and long-olive in shape, They have nuclei and obvious heterochromatin in it. Erythrocytes of Oryctolagus cuniculus domestica are biconcave,disc-shaped cells that lack nuclei and are full of hemoglobin inside. Thrombocytes,which have the shape similar to that of erythrocytes but have smaller volume and bigger nuclei,can be seen on the blood smears of Tilaria nilotica, Rana tigrina and Columba livia domestica. The platelets of Oryctolagus cuniculus domestica lack nuclei and appear irregular shapes.The leucocytes of the four species of animals are similar in the morphology. Besides nuclei and organelles,special granules in the cytoplasm,pseudopodia and microvilli can be seen.The results reveal that fish,frog and bird occupy lower places in the animal phylogeny,showing many characters in common on the morphology of their erythrocytes, leucocytes and thrombocytes.The blcod cells of the rabbit are highly differential cells that have many characters different from those of fish, frog and bird. This is in keeping with their higher place in the animal phylogeny.

关 键 词：血细胞 亚显微结构 罗非鱼 虎纹蛙 家鸽 家兔 

分 类 号：Q247[生物学—细胞生物学] Q959.3