紫色土坡耕地耕作方法对土壤侵蚀影响的试验研究  

Experimental Study of Influence of Tillage Methods on Soil Loss from Sloping Farmland with Purple Soil

作　　者：吕甚悟[1] 王世平[1] 徐多润 刘志华 

机构地区：[1]四川省南充市农业局

出　　处：《中国水土保持》1996年第2期38-41,共4页Soil and Water Conservation in China

摘　　要：在川中丘陵区紫色土坡耕地上进行不同耕作措施的水土流失试验观测表明，雨季红薯套种玉米１０°坡耕地水土流失量大小的次序为：顺坡垄作＞坡面种植＞等高垄作＞横垄加＞横坡梯沟。横垄加档和横坡梯沟是保土增产效果好且简便实用的耕作方法。作物覆盖度与坡耕地水土流失量的相关关系显著，在１０°坡耕地顺坡垄作中，作物覆盖率从１００％减少为０（裸露地）时，每单位降雨侵蚀力所产生的径流量、土壤冲刷量分别增加９倍和２倍。据此，实行间作套种，增种爬地作物，也是减少坡耕地水土流失的有效措施。Experimental observations on soil loss under different tillage methods were conducted on sloping farmland with purple soil in rolling area of central Sichuan Province. The observation results indicated that when sweet potato and corn were interplanted on farmland with 10° of slope gradient in rainy season, we had the order of soil loss amount: vertical ridge tillage >smooth slope tillage> contour ridge tillage >horizontal ridge tillage with earth fenders >horizontal terraced pot tillage. Horizontal ridge tillage with earth fenders and horizontal terraced pot tillage were two simple practical tillage methods, which Were also beneficial to soil conserving and yield increasing. Crop cover degree had obvious correlation with soil loss amount of sloping farmland.In vertical ridge tillage at slope gradient 109, when crop cover degree decreased from 100% to 0(bare land), the runoff amount and soil erosion amount per unit precipitation erosive force increased 9 and 2 times seperately. Thereforce, adopting intercropping and interplanting, increasing crawling crop can efficiently decrease soil loss from sloping farmland.

关 键 词：紫色土 坡耕地 水土流失 耕作 土壤侵蚀 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]