陇东北部土壤沙化现状及防治对策  

Status and countermeasures of soil desertification in northeast part of Gansu Province

作　　者：王鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]陇东学院生命科学系,甘肃庆阳745000

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2006年第1期179-182,共4页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

摘　　要：采用定点观测及调查等方法对沙区土壤沙化的现状及成因进行了分析研究。结果表明:沙区有沙漠化土地210 496 hm2,占沙区总面积(540 950 hm2)的38.91%,沙漠化平均每年沙线从西北向东推进0.54 km。特定的地质构造和毛乌素沙地为沙化提供了物质条件及外部来源,干旱多风、风蚀水侵等自然灾害和资源的不合理利用对当地农业造成了严重危害。防治土壤沙化的对策:治沙先种草,草灌结合;建立草—灌—乔“山型”体系和林、草、田复合生态系统,控制沙线南移;在荒芜的沙地大量种植耐牧的灌木,沙打旺等牧草;加大宣传力度,提高沙区人民的防沙、治沙意识;通过人大立法,迅速制止无限度的垦荒;放宽政策,鼓励退耕还林还草、退牧还草,促进沙区经济的可持续发展。The located observations and investigations were conducted to study the status and causes of soil desertification in northeast part of Gansu Province. The results show that there is 210 496 hm^2 desert land in the observed region, being 38.9% of the total land area （540 950 hm^2）. The sand line is expanded eastward by 0. 54 km averagely each year. The specific geological formation and Ma0wusu desert are favorable to the course of desertification. The arid and windy climate, the natural disasters such as water and wind erosions and the unreasonable utilization of resources produce severe harms to agricultural production. The countermeasures for preventing soil desertification are put forward as follows： plant grass and combine both grass and shrub together; set up the system of “grass-shrub-arbor” and the compound ecological system of “forestland-grassland-cropland” to control the movement of sands ; plant shrubs or Astraglus adsurgens that can be used for grazing in desert land; strengthen the consciousness of people in preventing and controlling desertification by propagandas; hold out the excessive cultivation of land by legislation; encourage the restoration of farmland to forests and grasses so as to improve the sustainable development of economy in desert regions.

关 键 词：陇东北部 沙漠化 沙化成因 对策建议 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]