一种基于PWM整流器和异步电机直接转矩控制的新型动态电力测功机  

A Novel Dynamic Power Dynamometer Based on PWM Rectifier and Direct Torque Control of Induction Machine

作　　者：杨家强[1] 黄进[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学电气工程学院,杭州310027

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2005年第12期1223-1228,共6页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

摘　　要：传统的测功机主要是以电涡流测功机、磁滞测功机、机械测功机、水力测功机为主,所消耗的燃油和电能较高,不仅造成能量浪费,而且还需配置耗能散热设备。基于PWM整流器和异步电机直接转矩控制技术提出了一种新型的动态电力测功机的构成方案。应用交流异步电机作为测功发电机,采用直接转矩控制技术对其异步电机实行转矩和速度控制,使其工作在电动和发电两种状态,使该测功机具有较快的转矩响应;用三相PWM整流技术实现能量的双向流动,PWM整流器既能为异步电机的直接转矩控制提供直流母线电压又能把测功发电机产生的电能逆变后回馈给电网,在整流和逆变两种状态下都能保持电流为正弦并实现了单位功率因数,降低了低次谐波对电网的干扰,且节约了能源,不再需要耗能散热设备。为验证其方案的可行性,设计了基于DSP和智能功率模块IPM的实验装置,实验结果表明该新型测功机具有良好的动静态性能。The traditional dynamometer needs to expend higher fuel or electric energy including hysteretic dynamometer,eddy current dynamometer,mechanic dynamometer and waterpower dynamometer ,so they not only waste energy but also need some equipment to dispel heat energy. A novel dynamic power dynamometer project is presented. It is based on PWM rectifier and direct torque control （DTC） of induction machine. An induction machine is used as its dynamo electric machine. The induction machine can run in electromotion and generate electricity status under speed and torque control by DTC,which make the proposed dynamometer have quick torque response. Bi-directional power flow is implemented through PWM technology. The PWM rectifier can provide DC link voltage for DTC of induction machine ,and also can feed back dynamo electric machine＇s power energy to AC mains,which keep the current to be sinusoidal wave with unity power factor and low harmonic factor at the AC mains both commutate and inverter processes. It reduces disturbance to AC mains and economizes energy sources ,and doesn＇t need any equipment to dispel heat energy. The proposed project is implemented with a single board microcomputer that uses TMS320LF2407A DSP and intelligent power model （IPM） in order to validate its feasibility. The experimental results indicated that the dynamometer had a better dynamic and static performance.

关 键 词：电力测功机 PWM整流器 直接转矩控制 异步电机 

分 类 号：TM933.3[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]