仁用杏早春遮阴对开花坐果的影响  

Influence of Shading on Florescence and Fruit Setting of Armeniaca vulgaris×A.sibirica during Early Spring

作　　者：白岗栓[1] 杜社妮[1] 雒聪[2] 于国勇[2] 康占胜 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,杨凌712100 [3]安塞县林业局,安塞714000

出　　处：《园艺学报》2005年第6期985-989,共5页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCXI-06);中国科学院野外台站研究基金项目

摘　　要：白于山山区仁用杏花期、坐果期霜冻频繁,为了防御霜冻和延迟花期,早春开花前采用单层、双层遮阳网对其进行遮阴,与不遮阴相比,单层、双层遮阳网下的光照强度在晴天分别减少了56.15%和87.37%,阴天减少了51.33%和72.05%;地表温度分别降低了3.86℃和5.42℃,30 cm处土壤温度降低了1.01℃和1.44℃,空气温度降低了1.5℃和2.4℃;风速分别减弱了50.00%和66.67%;空气相对湿度分别提高了15.09%和20.75%,0～100 cm土层土壤水分含量提高了14.88%和26.95%;仁用杏开花、萌芽等物候期分别延迟了4 d和5 d,花期延长1 d和2 d;坐果率分别为对照的8.95倍和11.25倍.Frost occurs frequently during florescence and fruit setting phase of Armeniaca vulgaris × A. sibirica in Baiyushan Mountainous area. In order to prevent frost and postpone florescence, single and double sunshade nets were used to shade trees in the early spring before florescence. Compared with no shading, illumination intensity in sunny days was reduced by 56. 15% and 87.37% respectively, and 51.33% and 72.05% in cloudy days; surface soil temperature reduced by 3.86℃ and 5.42℃, soil temperature in the depth of 30 cm reduced by 1. 01℃ and 1.44℃, air temperature reduced by 1.50℃ and 2.40℃ respectively; wind speed decreased 50. 00% and 66.67% respectively; air relative humidity increased 15.09% and 20. 75% respectively; 0 - 100 cm soil gravimetric water content increased 14. 88% and 26.95% respectively; phenological phase such as florescence, sprouting and others delayed 4 and 5 days, florescence prolonged 1 and 2 days, and fruit setting rate increased 7.95 and 10. 25 times respectively.

关 键 词：杏 仁用杏 遮阳网 微生态环境 开花期 坐果率 

分 类 号：S662[农业科学—果树学]