水温对石磺胚胎发育的影响  

Effects of water temperature on embryonic development of Onchidium sp.

作　　者：沈和定[1] 陈贤龙[2] 陈汉春[2] 冉福[1] 李家乐[1] 王飞[1] 熊柳平[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海水产大学生命科学与技术学院,上海200090 [2]浙江省慈溪市水产技术推广中心,浙江慈溪315300

出　　处：《水产学报》2005年第6期776-782,共7页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：水产养殖重点学科建设项目(03SC11);上海高校水产养殖学E-研究院项目(E03009);宁波市海洋渔业局项目

摘　　要：通过实验室研究,对石磺(Onchidium sp.)胚胎发育过程进行了详细观察,比较了不同水温下石磺胚胎发育的速度,探讨了膜内面盘幼虫孵化出膜的主要条件.结果表明:石磺的胚胎发育过程类似于肺螺亚纲其他贝类,行体内受精,刚产出的卵为受精卵,细胞未进行分裂,卵裂从卵产出体外开始,分别经过卵裂期,囊胚期,原肠期,膜内担轮幼虫期,膜内面盘幼虫期,经过孵化期孵化出膜为自由生活的面盘幼虫期.对各阶段幼体的大小、形状、内部器官等特征以及发育变态过程进行了详细的显微观察和描述.26 ℃,28 ℃,30 ℃ 3个水温组中,从受精卵到膜内面盘幼虫孵化出膜分别需要300 h,290 h,288 h;发现影响幼虫孵化出膜的主要因素是水温和海水的刺激作用;繁殖盛期卵群工厂化水泥池自然水温孵化时间为10～14 d.并报道了水温低于23 ℃时石磺胚胎停止发育现象.The embryonic development of the sea slugOnchidium sp. was observed and described at 3 temperature groups and the main factors affecting the veliger larva released were also examined in artificial conditions. Results showed： The embryonic development process of sea slug was similar to that of other Pulmonate species. The newly laid eggs were fertilized eggs with no division. They then entered into 7 stages such as the cleavage, blastula, gastrula, intracapsular trochophore, veliger in capsule, hatching or release, and the free-swimming veliger, At water temperatures of 26℃, 28℃ and 30℃, it took 300, 290, 288 hours respectively, of development from the zygote to the free-swimming veliger for the sea slug, The body sizes, shapes, interior structures and the metamorphosis of every period of larvae were also recorded under microscopic observation, It is found that the main factors that affected the release were water temperature and the stimulation of sea water, The ceasing of embryo development was first reported at the temperature of below 23℃.

关 键 词：石磺 水温 胚胎发育 孵化出膜 停止发育 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]