一种牙轮脱落预警新技术的试验研究  

TRIAL OF A NEW ALARM TECHNOLOGY FOR CONE DROPPING

作　　者：杨迎新[1] 刘德明[1] 林敏[1] 杨建忠[1] 刘勇[1] 朱强[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学

出　　处：《天然气工业》2006年第1期63-65,共3页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：中国石油天然气集团公司"中青年科技创新基金"资助(项目名称:牙轮防脱落技术研究);国家自然科学基金项目资助(编号:90410004)。

摘　　要：文章介绍一种以轴承副的径向磨损量作为轴承工作状态监测参数、以钻头机械钻速和工作扭矩的急剧变化作为预警信号的牙轮脱落预警技术的试验研究成果。新技术利用摩擦自锁原理,将一个预警装置设置在原有牙轮钻头的轴承腔内。当轴承磨损量达到预定的危险界限时,牙轮将被卡死在轴颈上,轴承的磨损过程终止。钻头的机械钻速和工作扭矩急剧变化的信号预示钻头轴承寿命的终结,应该起钻更换钻头。叙述了测试预警装置力学特性、承载能力、预警功能可靠性的准静态模拟试验以及动态模拟试验的试验方法和试验过程,对测试结果进行了综合分析。试验表明,该技术是可行的、可靠的,是一项很有推广应用价值的牙轮钻头新技术。Taking the radial wear allowance of the bearing pair as the monitoring parameter of the bearing working status, and taking the rapid change of the bit speed and the working torque as the alarm signal, the trial of alarm technology for cone dropping is introduced. With the friction self-lock principle, the new technology sets an alarm unit into the bearing shell of the cone bit. When the bearing wear allowance reaches the given alarm limit, the cone bit will be stuck in the bearing neck, and the bearing wear will stop. The rapid change of the bit speed and the working torque signals the end of the bit bearing life, and the bit should be changed. Also, the trial method and process of the quasi-static simulation and the dynamic simulation are described for the mechanics features and the loading capacity of the alarm unit, the reliability of the alarm action. The trial results are analyzed comprehensively. The results show the technology is feasible and reliable. It is worth popularizing for cone bits to use.

关 键 词：钻井 牙轮钻头 牙轮脱落 预警 轴承 磨损 摩擦 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]