血分离菌株及其抗生素敏感性变迁  

Changes on frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria isolated from blood

作　　者：赖晓全[1] 王洪波[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院医院感染科,武汉430030

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2006年第1期66-67,共2页Chinese Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的了解血分离菌株及其抗生素敏感琏的变化，为预防控制血流感染提供依据。方法收集1999～2003年湖北省15家三级甲等医院临床血分离菌株，用纸片扩散法（K-B）进行药敏试验。结果凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、肠球菌的检出率分别从1999年的27．0％，1．2％升至2003年的51．9％、4．2％：金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门菌属的检出率分别从1999年的21．1％，11．9％降至2003年的7．8％，3．0％；葡萄球菌对头孢唑啉、环丙沙星，肠球菌对青霉素G，大肠埃希菌和克雷伯菌属对头孢他啶、头抱吡肟以及铜绿假单胞菌对亚胺培南的敏感率均呈逐年下降趋势；肠球菌及大肠埃希菌对氯霉素的敏感率呈逐年上升趋势；耐苯唑西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、产超广谱β内酰胺酶的大肠埃希菌和克雷伯菌属的检出率呈逐年上升趋势。结论动态监测血分离菌株的细菌耐药性非常必要，应根据血流感染菌株监测结果及时调整用药方案。Objective To investigate the changes on frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility of blood isolates, and to provide basis for preventing and controlling bloodstream infection. Methods Blood isolates were collested in 15 tertiary hospitals in Hubei province from 1999 to 2003 and their drug-susceptibility were tested by Kirby-Bauer method. Results Coagulase-negative staphylococci（CoNS）and enteroeocci isolated from blood specimens increased from 27.0%, 1.3% in 1999 to 51.9 %, 4.2 % in 2003 respectively. Staphyolcoccus aureus and salmonella sp. isolated from blood specimens decreased from 21.1%, 11.9 % to 7.8 %, 3.0 % respectively. The susceptive rates of staphylococci to cefazolin and ciprofloxacin, enteroeoeci to penicillin G, escherichia coli（E, coli）and klebsiella sp. to ceftazidime and cefepime, P. aeruginosa to imipenem were all decreasing, susceptive rates of enterococci and E. coli to chloramphenicol were increasing. Oxacillin-resistant CoNS and extendedspectrum β-lactamase producers in E. coli and klebsiella sp. were increasing. Conclusion The active surveillance of microbial pathogens and resistance profiles of strains isolated from blood is essential. Antibiotic strategies should be adjusted timely according to the results of blood isolates.

关 键 词：菌血症 细菌 耐药性 变迂 

分 类 号：R378.11[医药卫生—病原生物学]