宝玉石的呈色机理  

The Coloration Mechanisms of Gemstones

作　　者：涂华民[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学化学学院,石家庄050091

出　　处：《化学教育》2006年第1期6-11,共6页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

摘　　要：通过对宝玉石化学组成与吸收光谱的分析,阐述了宝玉石的呈色机理。红宝石、蓝宝石、翡翠的呈色是过渡金属离子(如铬、铁、钛等)d-d电子跃迁和电荷转移跃迁等因素共同作用的结果。红宝石和蓝宝石的颜色并不简单取决于铬或/和铁的含量,而更多取决于铁、钛间Fe2+/Ti4+和Fe3+/Fe2+的比值。翡翠的呈色是铁、铬、钒等过渡金属离子共同作用的结果。宝玉石的颜色也可能起因于其他过渡金属离子、色心等,从而使其色彩更加美丽。The coloration mechanism of gemstones is discussed by chemical composition and absorp tion spectrum. The colorations of ruby, sapphire, and emerald result from the d-d electron transition and charge transfer transition of transition metal ions such as chromium, iron, titanium etc. The colorations of ruby and sapphire are not simply dependent on the content of chromium or/and iron, but more dependent on the ratio of Fe^2^＋/Ti^4＋ and Fe^3＋/Fe^2＋. The coloration of emerald results from the effect of transition metal ions such as iron, chromium and vanadium etc. The coloration of gemstones may also relates to other transition metal ions and color centers, which may contribute more beautiful color.

关 键 词：呈色机理 宝玉石 吸收光谱 电荷转移 

分 类 号：P619.281[天文地球—矿床学]