国内慢性病的现状、流行趋势及其应对策略  

Prevalence and epidemic tendency of chronic diseases as well as the coping strategies

作　　者：吴多文[1] 范华[1] 肖晓艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]泰山医学院预防医学教研室,山东省泰安市271000

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2005年第47期126-128,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的了解国内慢性病的流行现况,预测慢性病未来的流行趋势,为预防控制慢性病提供理论依据。资料来源应用计算机检索万方数据库1997-01/2004-12有关中国慢性病流行现况与流行趋势的文献,检索词为“慢性病,流行趋势,应对策略”,限定检索的语种为中文。资料选择文献的纳入标准①有关慢性病队列研究的资料。②疾病监测的资料。③慢性病系统综述的资料。排除标准①不符合前两条纳入标准的文献。②一般传统的描述性综述。资料提炼检出有关国内慢性病流行现况与流行趋势的文献共26篇。根据纳入标准共纳入9篇文献,队列研究与疾病监测的文献7篇,系统性综述2篇。文献的背景资料具有较强的可比性,研究过程有明确的标准与程序,研究设计科学合理,研究结果准确,研究结论具有很强的实用性和可靠性。资料综合①中国慢性病的现况与流行趋势近年来心脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤发病率快速上升,肥胖与糖尿病也已经成为危害人群健康的重大公共卫生问题。②预防控制慢性病的策略一是开展全民健康教育与健康促进,提高全社会人群的保健意识和保健水平。二是改变不良行为生活方式和不良膳食结构。三是密切结合在全国范围内开展的社区卫生服务工作。四是努力提高全社会人群对自然环境和社会环境的良好适应。结论发达国家半个多世纪的经验证明,控制环境污染、改变不合理的膳食结构和不良的行为方式是预防控制慢性病最有效的措施。OBJECTIVE： To understand epidemic prevalence of chronic diseases in China, predict epidemic tendency of chronic diseases in future and provide theoretical evidence for prevention and control of chronic diseases. DATA SOURCES： We searched the Wanfang database for articles on epidemic current and prevalent tendency of chronic diseases in China published from January 1997 to December 2004 with the key words ＂chronic diseases, epidemic tendency and replying strategies＂in Chinese. STUDY SELECTION： Inclusion criteria were： （1）data of cohort study on chronic diseases, （2）data of disease surveillance on chronic diseases, and （3）data of systematic reviews. Exclusion criteria were： （1）literatures that not accorded with the above-mentioned inclusion criteria, and （2） traditional and description reviews. DATA EXTRACTION： A total of 26 articles on epidemic current and prevalent tendency on chronic diseases in China. According to the inclusion criteria totally 9 articles were included, including 7 articles on cohort study and disease surveillance and 2 articles on systematical reviews. Background data were comparable fairly. Research process had defined standard and program. Research design was reasonable scientifically. Research result was exact. Research conclusion had strong utility and reliability. DATA SYNTHESIS： （1）Presenee and epidemic tendency of chronic disease in China： Incidence rate of cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease and malignant tumor rose up rapidly. Obesity and diabetes had been the great public health problem that was harmful for human health. （2） Strategy of preventing and controlling chronic disease： Firstly, developing healthy education and healthy acceleration in entire people, and rising the consciousness and level of health maintenance in the social population; Secondly, changing bad behavior and living style and bad dietary structure; Thirdly, communicating closely with the health service of community developed in nation; Fourthly, enhanc

关 键 词：慢性病/流行病学 慢性病/预防和控制 

分 类 号：R18[医药卫生—流行病学]