鮸状黄姑鱼早期发育特征及对温盐度的适应性  

Study on the Early Development and Adaptability to Temperature and Salinity of Nibea miichthioides

作　　者：黄永春[1] 胡石柳[2] 周泽斌[1] 郑建辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]集美大学水产学院,福建厦门361021 [2]厦门海洋职业技术学院,福建厦门361012

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2006年第1期101-106,共6页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：厦门市科委项目资助

摘　　要：1996年3～6月采用人工注射LRH—A和HCG诱导鮸状黄姑鱼自然产卵受精，观察6批次胚胎发育的结构特征和1～16日龄仔鱼形态变化及温度、盐度对鮸状黄姑鱼早期发育和存活的影响，为鮸状黄姑鱼大规模人工繁殖和苗种培育提供科学依据。根据其外部形态和胚胎行为的出现将鮸状黄姑鱼胚胎发育划分为17期，3日龄开口；鮸状黄姑鱼受精卵孵化的温度范围为16．3～30E，最适孵化温度为22-24℃；孵化盐度范围为13．7～53，最适孵化盐度范围为26．9～40．7，其中盐度为7．2时受精卵无法孵化，盐度在40．7以上的受精卵全部为浮性，盐度为26．9以下全部呈沉性；鮸状黄姑鱼仔鱼存活的适合盐度为20．2～33．4，随着仔鱼的生长，对耐盐的适应性也逐渐增强。During March to June 1996, Nibea miichthioides were injected with LRH-A and HCG for inducing spawning and Fertilization in naturalness. The morphological characteristics of the early development, the sinking and buoyancy of the fertilized eggs, the hatching rate, the distribution and the survival rates of the larvae of Nibea miichthioides were observed, under different temperature and saline conditions. The purpose of the paper is to present the basic biological data of Nibea miichthioides at its early developmental stage and to provide a scientific basis for rearing the fry on a large scale. It was found that the embryonic development could be divided into 17 stages, and the larvae opened their mouths at the age of 3 days. All eggs sank at salinity 20.2, and all the eggs floated on the surface when the salinity was above 40.7. The eggs could hatch at salinity 13.7 to 53.0, the optimum salinity range being 26.9- 40.7. The suitable temperature range for the hatching of Nibea miichthioides was 16.3-30℃ and the optimum being 22-24℃. The relation of hatching time （t） and hatching temperature（T） was t = 3 499. 8 × T ^- 1.5622 （ R 2 = 0. 975 4）. The larvae could survive at salinity 7.2 -40.7, the optimum salinity range being 20.2-33.4. The larvae could endure a sudden decline in salinity and this adaptability increased with age.

关 键 词：温度 盐度 鮸状黄姑鱼 胚胎发育 仔鱼存活 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]