污灌条件下土壤碱度、石膏施用以及污水过滤处理对水力传导度的影响  

Effects of soil sodicity,gypsum application,and filtration disposal on hydraulic conductivity under irrigation with domestic effluent water

作　　者：李法虎[1] 黄冠华[1] 丁赟[1] 彭冲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2006年第1期48-52,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：农业部农业生态环境科技项目;教育部留学回国人员基金;北京市科技计划项目

摘　　要：污水是淡水资源缺乏地区农业灌溉的重要水资源之一。该文通过室内土柱淋洗试验,研究了污水灌溉条件下土壤碱度、脱硫石膏施用以及污水过滤处理对土壤水力传导性能的影响。试验结果显示,土壤饱和水力传导度随淋出液体积的增加而减小。非碱性土壤的稳定水力传导度比碱性土壤(可交换钠百分比约为30)的大74%左右。脱硫石膏的施用降低了碱性土壤的pH值以及土壤溶液的钠吸附比。0.5%的石膏施用量可增大碱性土壤的稳定水力传导度37%左右。污水过滤处理增大了非碱性土壤的初始水力传导度,而降低了碱性土壤的初始水力传导度。在污水灌溉条件下,石膏施用可有效地改善碱性土壤的水力传导能力。Sewage water is one of the important water resources for agricultural irrigation in regions where are short Of freshwater resource. By leaching experiments of soil columns in laboratory, the effects of soii sodicity, desulfurized gypsum application, and effluent filtration disposal on hydraulic conductivity in silt loam soil under irrigation of domestic effluent water were studied. Five treatments were designed, 1） domestic effluent leaching of soil that was equilibrated with sodium adsorption ratio （SAR） 0; 2） filtrated domestic effluent leaching of soil equilibrated with SAR 0; 3） domestic effluent leaching of soil equilibrated with SAR 30; 4） filtrated domestic effluent leaching of soil equilibrated with SAR 30; 5） domestic effluent leaching of soil equilibrated with SAR 30 plus 0. 5% desulfurized gypsum application. The experimental results indicated that saturated hydraulic conductivity decreased with increasing leachate volume, but the steady hydraulic conductivity in nonsodic soil was about 74% greater than that in sodic soil （ESP≈30）. Gypsum application at a rate of 0. 5% decreased pH and SAR of soil solution, and increased steady hydraulic conductivity by 37% comparing with that without gypsum application for the sodic soil. Filtration disposal of domestic effluent water increased initial hydraulic conductivity in nonsodic soil but decreased that in sodic soil; however, filtration disposal had little influence on steady hydraulic conductivity for both soils. Hydraulic conductivity in sodic soil decreased with increasing soil depth, and it was greater in about 20 cm of soil depth for nonsodic soil. When domestic effluent water is used to irrigation, gypsum application can effectively improve hydraulic conductivity of sodic soil.

关 键 词：污水灌溉 土壤碱度 水力传导度 石膏 

分 类 号：S273.5[农业科学—农业水土工程] S152[农业科学—农业工程]