药物变态反应好发因素的临床研究——治疗因素  

Analysis of Factors in Drug Allergy

作　　者：李世荫[1] 周劲松[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京医科大学第三临床学院皮肤科,100083

出　　处：《药物流行病学杂志》1996年第2期82-85,共4页Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology

摘　　要：本文通过520例经确认的药物变态反应病例,对好发因素进行了分析.分析中发现最常见的致敏药物是青霉素与头孢菌素类、乙酰水杨酸等解热镇痛剂和磺胺类.对易致敏药物的化构特点及由此而引发的交叉过敏现象进行了分析,并报告了经证实的交叉过敏病例.对不同给药途径、用药频度与用量等对药物变态反应发生的影响进行了分析和讨论,并介绍了增加用药剂量使已被致敏尚无临床表现的病例,突发过敏性休克的病例.文中还对滥用药物引发药物变态反应的大量事实加以陈述并提出应注意防止.对中草药中成药也可致敏和并不少见提出了自己的意见.Predisposing factors in 520 proved cases of drug allergy were analyzed. Among 520 cases, the most frequently found causative drugs were penicillin and cephalosporin, aspirin and other analgesics-antipyretics, sulfonamide. This three kinds of drugs accounted for more than 56% of allergic drug reactions. The chemical structural characteristics of the causative drugs and cross sensitization between some special drugs were analyzed and one case of proved cross sensiti-zation was reported. Other predisposing factors, such as route of administration, frequency, dosage and duration of drug therapy were also discussed, one case of allergic shock caused by an increased dose of penicillin during treatment was reported. The analysis also revealed that at least 30% of allergic drug reaction caused by drug abuse and 6% caused by Chinese herbal drugs for local application.

关 键 词：药物变态反应 药物副作用 

分 类 号：R969[医药卫生—药理学]