稀土化合物改性炭黑/天然橡胶复合材料的制备与性能  

Preparation and Properties of Rare Earth Modified Carbon Black/Natural Rubber Composites

作　　者：林雅铃[1] 肖孔清[1] 张安强[1] 王炼石[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学材料科学与工程学院高分子材料科学与工程系,广东广州510640

出　　处：《中国稀土学报》2005年第6期708-712,共5页Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(59773010);广东省自然科学基金资助项目(031366;04300069);华南理工大学自然科学基金资助项目

摘　　要：用铕(Eu)、钬(Ho)、饵(Er)和镝(Dy)4种稀土(Ln)氧化物(Ln2O3)制备了稀土氢氧化物改性炭黑,然后加入天然胶乳(NRL),采用凝聚共沉法制备了粉末状的稀土改性炭黑/天然橡胶复合材料P[NR/HAF-Ln(OH)3]。研究了稀土种类和用量对P[NR/HAF-Ln(OH)3]的粒径分布及其硫化胶物理机械性能的影响。结果表明,稀土可以提高NRL与乳化炭黑构成的粉末体系的成粉率,当Ho,Er的用量为1.0%或Dy的用量为0.5%时均可使粒径小于0.9 mm的产物达100%;稀土的存在可显著提高P[NR/HAF-Ln(OH)3]硫化胶的拉伸强度和撕裂强度,而Er和Dy还可明显降低硫化胶的永久变形;SEM分析表明,HAF-Dy(OH)3以团粒形态存在于NR基体中,团粒表面覆盖一层NR膜,团粒与NR构成的界面模糊,说明HAF-Dy(OH)3与NR基体结合紧密,这是P[NR/HAF-Dy(OH)3]具有较好物理机械性能的主要原因。The oxides Eu, Ho, Er and Dy were used to prepare the hydroxides of rare earth modified carbon black. Then natural rubber latex （NRL） was added into the reactor. The system reacted at 85℃with stirring for 1 h to prepare powdered HAF-Ln（OH）3/NR composites. The effects of the kind and content of Ln on the particle size distribution of P [ NR/HAF-Ln （OH）3] and mechanical properties of its vulcanizate were studied respectively. It is found that rare earth can help to get the powder of the composite, the product particle with a diameter less than 0.9mm will be get when the composites containing the compound of Ho, Er and Dy with dosage of 1.0, 1.0, 0.5 percent, respectively. The adding of Ln can improve the tensile strength and tear strength of the vulcanizate effectively, what＇s more, Er and Dy can decrease the permanent set of vulcanizate significantly. The SEM studies shows that P [ NR/HAF-Dy （ OH ）3 ] vulcanizate shows superior mechanical properties that depend pri- marily on the absence of free carbon black, the fine dispersion of carbon black in the rubber matrix and better polymer-filler interaction.

关 键 词：高分子材料 天然橡胶 炭黑 稀土氧化物 复合材料 硫化胶 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ331.2[化学工程—橡胶工业]