高水头泄水建筑物侧墙掺气减蚀特性研究  

Characteristic Study on Preventing Cavitation Damage of Hydraulic Structures Side-walls with High Head

作　　者：王海云[1] 戴光清[1] 杨永全[1] 刘超[1] 杨庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610065

出　　处：《四川大学学报（工程科学版）》2006年第1期38-43,共6页Journal of Sichuan University (Engineering Science Edition)

摘　　要：工程中通常采用强迫掺气减蚀措施,防止泄水建筑物在高速水流作用下发生空蚀破坏,但在保护过流面底板的同时,忽视了对其侧墙的保护。为了减免位于高流速区域和低压区域侧墙发生空化空蚀,消除侧墙清水区,采用理论分析和物理模型试验研究方法,对龙抬头明流泄洪洞下游边墙掺气减蚀进行了研究,提出了在反弧末端加折流器(突扩)和突跌掺气方式。结果表明,采用突扩和突跌的掺气方式后,侧墙水流的出射角增大,侧空腔畅通,并直接和底空腔相连,有助于掺气坎后水舌的全断面的掺气,对侧墙和底板皆起到了很好的保护作用。To prevent cavitation damage of hydraulic structures with high speed flows, forced aeration device is commonly adopted as an economical and effective engineering technique. During engineering protecting of the side-walls with high speed flows and low pressure areas tend to be neglected. In paper based on theoretic study and model experiment, preventing cavitation damage of the dragon-raise-head spillway tunnel side-walls was studied, an aerator with a sudden widen （ie. lateral deflector）and a vertical drop was put forward to bottom of anti-arc. This type aerator eliminates m-airflow area in the Side-walls. The air entrainment quantity is obviously affected by lateral deflector. The lateral air chamber is an important aeration mechanism when the lateral air chamber is connected to the bottom cavity, which prevent cavitation damage of sidewalls and soleplatea effectively.

关 键 词：高水头 龙抬头泄洪洞 侧墙掺气减蚀 

分 类 号：TV651[水利工程—水利水电工程]