长沙市雨花区急诊伤害流行病学特征分析  

Analysis of injury epidemiology characteristic of first aid cases in Yuhua District of Changsha City

作　　者：吴铁钢[1] 邓婷[1] 彭波[1] 李中华[1] 

机构地区：[1]长沙市雨花区疾病预防控制中心,湖南长沙410014

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2006年第2期255-256,共2页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的 了解长沙市雨花区急诊伤害发生的特点和规律，为伤害的预防与控制提供科学依据。方法 采取分层随机抽样，抽取了长沙市雨花区辖区内一、二、三级综合性医院3所，并将于2005年4～8月期间在急诊科就诊的所有伤害患者作为研究对象，进行问卷调查。结果 共调查3438名伤害患者，其中男性2585名（75．19％）。女性853名（24．8l％）。性别比3．03：1；平均年龄为（29．33±27）岁；职业以农民（53．9％），工人（24．03％）和学生（9．42％）为主；伤害多发生于道路（47．27％），工作场所（29．58％）和家中（14．11％）；时间呈现出三高峰，分别为7，8点钟、12．13点钟和17～18点钟；导致伤害发生的前4位主要原因依挺为交通事故（47．27％）、钝嚣伤（18．85％）、跌落（18．18％）、刺伤（9．45％）;以意外事故为主（88．37％）。结论 交通伤害和职业伤害已成为该区伤害预防与控制的优先领域，伤害主要影响社会劳动人群。伤害的预防控制工作是一项社会系统工程，需要全民动员全社会共同参与。Objective To understand the characteristics of injuries in patient visited in emergency department in hospital and provide the basis for evidence - based strategic planning and evaluation in injury prevention and control. Methods Three hospitals were sampled by stratified sampling, and all injured patients attended at the 3 hospitals from April 2005 to August 2005 was analyzed. Results Totally 2 585 injured patients were collected. The ratio of male to female was 3.03 ： 1. The occupations of these injured patients were in the order of： farmers （53.9%）, workers （24.03%） and students （9.42%）; most injures occurred on highways （47.27 % ）, workplace （29.58 % ） and at home （ 14.11% ）, and mainly eoncentrated at 7 ： 00 ～ 8 ： 00am, 12 ： 00 ～ 13 ： 00pm and 17 ： 00 ～ 18：00pm; the cause of injuries were traffic injury（47.27% ）, blunt injury （ 18.85% ） ,fall （ 18.18% ） and stab（9.45% ）. Unintentional injured patients composed 88.37 % of all cases. Conclusion Tile traffic injury and occupational injury were lhe priorities for prevention and control. And injury is mainly affect the social labor population. Mobilization of the society and community partieipation are the effective measures for preventing and controlling injury.

关 键 词：急诊 伤害 流行病学分析 

分 类 号：R181.39[医药卫生—流行病学]