荔枝-旋扭山绿豆复合种植系统对荔枝害虫的生态调控作用  

Ecological control effects of Litchi chinensis-Desmodium intortum complex plant ecosystem on litchi pests.

作　　者：欧阳革成[1] 杨悦屏[1] 刘德广[1] 熊锦君[1] 黄明度[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省昆虫研究所,广州510260

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2006年第1期151-154,共4页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点科技攻关项目(96-004-03-10);广东省自然科学基金项目;美国洛克菲勒兄弟基金;日本经连团自然保护基金资助项目(980135)

摘　　要：对营建荔枝-旋扭山绿豆复合种植系统和荔枝单一种植系统的昆虫群落结构及动态进行系统调查．结果表明，复合种植园中荔枝害虫总数显著减少，仅为单一种植园的61．27％，在果实生长关键期的5月份的数量仅是单一种植园的50．45％．旋扭山绿豆与荔技树存在相互协调关系；两者具较少共同害虫，其害虫却存在多种共同天敌；旋扭山绿豆冬季开花为天敌昆虫越冬提供庇护场所和替代食物，两者花期基本衔接，利于害虫灭敌的生存及繁殖．在荔枝开花和荔果生长期的3～6月份，复合园荔枝树上的天敌数量与害虫数量之比分别为单一园的4．22、2．34、2．28和20．63倍，有效地发挥了对荔枝害虫的控制作用．An investigation on the community structure and dynamics of litehi pests and their natural enemies in constucted Litchi chinensis-Desmodium intortum complex plant ecosystem and single L. chinensis ecosystem showed that the total amount of litchi pests in the complex plant ecosystem was 61.27% of that in the single ecosystem in whole year, and only 50.45 % in May, the key time for fruit development, which suggested that there was an in teraction between D. intortum and L. chinensis. D. intortum and L. chinensis had a few common pests, but many common natural enemies. D. intortum florescence in winter provided shelter and substitt,tive food for the natural enemies of pests to survive in the extreme environmental conditions in winter. L. chinensis florescence was on the heel of D. intortum florescence, which provided better conditions for the natural enemies to survive and multiply. During florescence and fruit development stages of L. chinensis （from March to June）, the predator/prey ratio in complex plant system was 4.22, 2.34, 2.2 and 20.63 times of that in single plant system in March, April, May and June, respectively, indicating the good control effect on pests of L. chinensis.

关 键 词：荔枝 旋扭山绿豆 复合种植系统 害虫 生态调控 

分 类 号：S436.67[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]