接种白腐真菌堆肥处理含Pb垃圾  

Application of White-Rot Fungi in Composting Lead-Contaminated Waste

作　　者：黄丹莲[1] 曾光明[1] 黄国和[1] 胡天觉[1] 蒋晓云[1] 冯冲凌[1] 陈耀宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学环境科学与工程学院,长沙410082

出　　处：《环境科学》2006年第1期175-180,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2005CB724203);国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2004AA649370);国家杰出青年科学基金项目(50225926);2000年教育部高等学校优秀青年教师教学科研奖励计划资助项目;高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20020532017)

摘　　要：选取未污染土壤、家庭厨余、稻草、麸皮加入Pb(NO3)2溶液配成模拟含高浓度Pb垃圾,采用接种白腐菌堆制处理和不接菌堆制处理2种方法分别进行室内模拟堆制.通过监测理化因子(pH、挥发性固体、水溶性有机碳/有机氮、木质素、粗纤维)与生化因子(呼吸量、微生物生物量碳)以及生物毒性分析因子(种子发芽指数、重金属含量)随时间的变化,系统地研究了重金属对垃圾堆肥过程的影响和白腐菌堆肥处理重金属污染垃圾的可行性.结果表明,接种白腐菌处理Pb污染垃圾的堆肥过程能顺利进行,较好地减弱了Pb的迁移性从而降低其生物有效性,降低了堆肥潜在的重金属危害性.此堆肥工艺下,堆肥成品pH为7.9,水溶性C/N达4.01,挥发性固体含量降至36.1%,木质素余量22.4 g,粗纤维余量30.1 g;且堆肥中Pb主要以残留态存在,约为63.38%,水溶交换态Pb含量则降至0%,种子发芽指数高达121%.Simulative lead polluted wastes which containing unpolluted soil, household waste, straw, bran and lead nitrate were prepared. Inoculation of white-rot fungi and uninoculation in composting of lead-contaminated waste were studied. Change of chemical factor, biological parameter and biological toxicity analyses with time during the composting process were determined to study effect of heavy metal on composting process and probability of application of white rot fungi in composting of metalcontaminated waste. The results show the composting of lead-contaminated waste inoculated white-rot fungi could be successfully processed, which lead to the reduction of the bioavailability of Pb in compost and alleviate the potential harm from heavy metal. Under this composting process, for the final eompost, pH, water-soluble organic carbon/nitrogen, volatile solid, lignin and coarse fibre remained reached 7.9, 4.01, 36.1%, 22.4g, 30. 1g, respectively. In addition, 63.38 % of Pb in residual fraction and 0 % of Pb in soluble-exchangeable fraction were found in final compost, and the germination index of final compost reached 121%.

关 键 词：白腐菌 堆肥 重金属污染 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程] Q93[生物学—微生物学]