从政治的自由到社会的自由——论密尔的自由主义思想  

From Political Liberty to Social Liberty——An Essay on J.S.Mill's Liberal Thought

作　　者：李宏图[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史系,上海200433

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2006年第1期15-21,共7页Journal of East China Normal University（Humanities and Social Sciences）

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究"十五"规划课题(批准号:01JB770011)

摘　　要：密尔是19世纪自由主义的代表性人物,他不像前辈思想家那样将自由看成是一种政治性原则,而是从自身的时代出发将自由理解为一种社会性原则,认为社会的专制远胜过政治的压迫。由此,密尔对自由作了新的理解,将之定义为社会权力的合法使用。其目的是要保护个人的权利免遭社会的侵害,捍卫个性和社会的多样性。通过呼吁个人的自由,密尔将政治的自由转变成为了社会的自由。John Stuart Mill was one of the founding thinkers of modem liberalism. Unlike those former liberals, Mill did not regard liberty as a political principle but rather a social principle, telling us that social tyranny was worse than political oppression. As a result, he granted a fresh meaning to liberty, and defined it as a legitimate use of social power, whose aim was to protect individual rights from any intervention by society and defend individuality and social diversity. Through his appeal to individual freedom, Mill transformed political liberty into social liberty.

关 键 词：密尔 个性 政治自由 社会自由 

分 类 号：D09[政治法律—政治学]