YS型小麦温敏雄性不育系A3017控温条件下的花粉育性比较  

Comparison on the Pollen Fertility of YS Type Thermo-sensitive Male-sterile Wheat Line A3017 under Artificial Temperature Conditions

作　　者：宋国琦[1] 胡银岗[1] 林凡云[1] 董普辉[1] 马翎健[1] 宋喜悦[1] 何蓓如[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院国家小麦改良中心杨凌分中心,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2006年第1期17-20,共4页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目子专题(2002AA207004);教育部重点科研项目(105166)

摘　　要：为了研究温敏不育系在可育和不育温度条件下的花粉发育情况，通过人工控温的方法对YS型小麦温敏不育系A3017-310和A3017-312减数分裂期分别处在不育和可育温度条件下的花粉育性进行了分析．结果表明，不育温度条件（12～16℃）下，花粉粒多数败育，I2-KI染色不着色，染色不均匀，约1／3花粉粒发育至单核中后期或双核早期发生败育，大部分花粉粒发育到二核后期或三核期发生败育（染败），两个系的花粉粒碘染败育率分别为98．7％和99．0％，花粉萌发势分别为0．7％和0．5％，花药不开裂、不散粉，自交结实率均为0；可育温度条件下（正常分蘖穗为18～22℃，再生分蘖穗为20～25℃），花粉粒多数正常，花药能正常开裂、散粉，花粉粒在这两种可育温度条件下碘染的败育率无差异，均约为20％．花粉萌发势随温度升高而增加，A3017—310由60．7％增为71.5％。A3017-312由27．4％提高为63．1％;自交结实率（国际法）为34．6％～113．7％。A3017—310和A3017—312株系来源于同一组合的F6代，它们在不同的可育条件下，育性恢复程度有所不同，表明YS型温敏不育系在育性转换为可育后控制自交结实的遗传机制较为复杂。Comparison on the pollen fertility of YS type thermo-sensitive male-sterile wheat line A3017 under controlled male sterile and fertile temperature conditions was conducted on two individual lines 310 and 312 of A3017 by growing in growth chamber. The results showed that under male sterile condition （12- 16℃）, the anthers of 310 and 312 were all smaller than normal ones and did not open, there were no pollens dispersed. The ratio of sterile pollen stained with I2-KI solution were 98.7 % and 99.0%, respectively, the germination potential of pollen were 0. 7 % and 0.5 %, respectively. The self seedset ratio were all 0, the pollens of 310 and 312 were completely male sterilel Under male fertile conditions （18-22℃ for normal tillers and 20-25℃ for regenerated tillers）, the anthers of 310 were all normal, but only part of anthers of 312 were normal under fertile condition of 18-22℃, and there were no difference for the anthers of those two lines under fertile condition of 20-25℃. The percentage of sterile pollen stained with I2-KI solution under above two fertile conditions were all about 20%. The germination potential of pollen increased along with temperature rising, and were 60. 7% and 71.5% for 310, 27.4% and 63.1% for 312, respectively. The self seedset ratio also increased along with temperature rising, and were 93.6% and 113.7% for 310, 34. 6% and 97.4% for 312, respectively.

关 键 词：小麦 温度敏感雄性不育 花粉碘染 花粉萌发 自交结实率 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S334.5