油润滑纳米添加剂摩擦学设计及研究中几个值得商榷的问题  

Several Issues Not to Be Sneezed at Tribological Design and Research on Nanoparticles as Lubricating Oil Additives

作　　者：欧忠文[1] 陈国需[1] 张云怀[2] 徐滨士[3] 杨汉民[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军后勤工程学院,重庆400044 [2]重庆大学化学化工学院,重庆400044 [3]解放军装甲兵工程学院装备再制造技术国防重点实验室,北京100072

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2006年第2期141-143,149,共4页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：国家973专项经费(G1999065009);重庆市自然基金项目资助

摘　　要：从材料学、化学、摩擦学、表面工程角度分析阐述了纳米润滑油添加剂组分选择、分散稳定修饰剂设计、摩擦学性能评价和机理研究方面存在的几个问题和认识上的一些误区,指出在作油润滑纳米润滑材料的摩擦学设计时,所选择的纳米材料应对酸、氧特别是热氧和纳米修饰剂表现出惰性;对普通摩擦副来说,纳米粒子的“分子轴承”作用机制其作用微乎其微的,当摩擦副相互接近程度达到介观或微观尺度时,纳米微球的“分子轴承”作用才明显,产生润滑甚至超润滑;对普通摩擦副而言,纳米粒子在短时间内的机械抛光作用并不会太明显,而长期抛光作用则取决于摩擦过程中纳米粒子机械抛光作用和机械摩擦磨损作用两者之间的竞争。Several issues and misconstruction nanoparticles used as lubricating additives not to be sneezed at the selection of nanoparticles additive, the design of dispersion and stabilization, tribological investigation and mechanism research were stated from views of material science, chemistry, tribology and surface engineering. It was pointed that the nanopartities as lubricating additives should be inert to acid, oxygen, heat oxygen and surface modifier in the. course of tribology design that nanoparticles were used lubricating material in lubricating oil. The action mechanism of so-called molecule bearing when nanoparticles were used lubricating additive was very little to the common couple-material, but it came into being, even super-lubricating may occur when the surface of couple material was super-smooth and the distance between of couple material was nano-sale. The mechanical polishing action of nanoparticles in lubricating oil was very unconspicuous in short order to the common couple-material, but long-range action effect lay on the competition between mechanical polishing action and mechanical wear abrasion action.

关 键 词：低维纳米材料 摩擦学性能 摩擦学作用机理 修饰剂 

分 类 号：TQ427[化学工程] TH117[机械工程—机械设计及理论]