吉林省春季降水性层状云基本结构及降水潜力的初步研究  

THE PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE BASIC STRUCTURE OF PRECIPITATING STRATUS AND PRECIPITATION POTENTIAL IN SPRING IN JILIN PROVINCE

作　　者：刘健[1] 李茂仑[2] 蒋彤[2] 米长树[2] 陈知新[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京气象学院研究生部,南京210044 [2]吉林省人工影响天气办公室,长春130062

出　　处：《气象科学》2005年第6期609-616,共8页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：国家科研院所社会公益研究专项基金项目(编号:2001DIB10084)资助

摘　　要：2001年、2002年利用美国粒子测量系统(PMS)对吉林省5～7月降水性层状云在实施人工增雨作业的同时进行了科研探测,取得了一批资料,对这些资料进行计算后得到以下结论:(1)吉林省春季降水性层状云宏观结构主要分为三种云型即:Ns、As op-Sc op、Astra.(2)不同云型其云中过冷水含量、云滴数密度不同,其中Ns云型的云中过冷水含量、云滴数密度最大,分别达到0.2737 g/m3、205.3个/L,其次是As op-Sc op云层,其过冷水含量、云滴数密度分别为0.1693 g/m3、117.5个/L,过冷水含量、云滴数密度最小的云层结构为As tra,分别为0.1054 g/m3、98.6个/L.(3)云中过冷水含量与云底高度为负相关,与过冷层厚度为正相关.(4)三种云型的云中过冷水含量、云滴数密度距0 ℃层高度的分布基本一致:在距0℃层高度以上400～600 m高度范围内过冷水含量、云滴数密度达最大,之后随着距0 ℃层高度的增加云中过冷水含量、云滴数密度迅速减小.(5)吉林省春季降水性层状云的可播度为86%;三种云型的人工降水潜力有所不同,即:Ns云型潜力最大,达41.3%,其次是As op-Sc op云型潜力为28.4%,潜力最小的云型为As tra,为26.6%.In 2001-2002, using American Particle Measure Systems （PMS） to make a scientific research during man-made rain enhancement operation in precipitating stratus in May-July in Jilin province,some data were obtained,after making a calculation to these data, the following conclusions were drawn： （1） the macro structure of precipitating stratus in spring in Jilin province is classified into three types ; Ns, As op-Sc op and Astra. Different cloud types have different super-cooled water content and cloud droplet amount density, the super-cooled water content and cloud droplet amount density in the cloud of Ns type are the largest, they are respectively 0. 2737 g/m^3, 205.3/L, the second is in the cloud layer of As op-Sc op, 0. 1693 g/m^3, 117. 5/L, the smallest is in the cloud layer of As tra,0. 1054 g/m^3 ,98. 6/L. （2） The super-cooled water content in the cloud has a negative correlation with the height of cloud base,and has a positive correlation with the thickness of super-cooled layer. （3）The super-cooled water content and cloud droplet amount density have a basically coincidence with the distribution of the distance to 0 ℃ layer height in these three types of clouds, super-cooled water content and the cloud droplet amount density are the largest in the range of 400-600 meters above 0 ℃ layer height, then super-cooled water content and the cloud droplet amount density reduce rapidly along with the increase of 0 ℃ layer height. （4）The seeding operation rate of precipitating stratus in spring in Jilin province is 86%, the rainfall enhancement potential of these three types of clouds are different, Ns is the largest, up to 41.3%, the second is As op-Sc op,about 28. 4%, the smallest is As tra, 26. 6 %.

关 键 词：过冷水含量 云滴数密度 云层配置 人工降水潜力 

分 类 号：P458[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]