基于汽包寿命的1021t/h锅炉启动过程的优化研究  

A Study of the Optimization of a 1021 t/h Boiler Start-up Process on the Basis of the Boiler Drum Service Life

作　　者：管德清[1] 莫江春[1] 吕黎明[1] 毛永忠[2] 

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学动力机械及工程研究所,湖南长沙410076 [2]石门电厂控制部,湖南石门415300

出　　处：《热能动力工程》2006年第1期31-34,38,共5页Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50578018);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(04JJ3027);湖南省科技计划基金资助项目(04GK3051)

摘　　要：用三维有限元理论计算1 021 t/h锅炉汽包在内压作用下的应力场,得到的理论应力集中系数比德国TRD301标准的推荐值大22.7%。用热弹性理论计算准稳态下汽包的热应力,采用TRD301标准计算锅炉汽包疲劳寿命,以不同阶段升压范围所经历的时间步长为优化参数,以降低疲劳寿命损耗和缩短启动时间为双目标,建立了基于汽包寿命的锅炉启动过程优化模型。通过计算得到了1 021 t/h锅炉冷态启动和热态启动过程的优化曲线,并在某电厂300 MW机组1 021 t/h锅炉实际运行,效果良好。按优化曲线启动,不仅保证汽包寿命损耗小,而且能大量缩短锅炉启动时间。所建立的优化启动曲线对300 MW机组锅炉运行具有指导意义。By using a three-dimensional finite element theory calculated was the stress field of a 1021 t/h boiler drum under the action of an internal pressure.The theoretical stress concentration factor thus obtained is greater than the recommended value of German TRD301 standard by 22.7%.In addition,the thermal stress of the boiler drum under a quasi-steady state was calculated using the theory of thermal elasticity.By employing TRD301 standard the fatigue life of the boiler drum was calculated.With the time step experienced by the pressure-rise range at various stages serving as an optimized parameter,thereby achieving the dual target of lowering fatigue life loss and shortening start-up time,a model of boiler start-up process optimization was set up based on the boiler drum service life. Through calculations optimized curves were obtained for the 1021 t/h boiler cold-state and hot-state start-up process.On this basis,the practical operation of a 1021 t/h boiler for a 300 MW unit at a certain power plant has brought about satisfactory results.A start-up on the basis of these optimized curves can not only ensure a small loss of boiler drum service life,but also significantly shorten boiler start-up time.The optimized start-up curves set up by the authors can provide significant guidance for the boiler operation of the 300 MW plant.

关 键 词：锅炉汽包 疲劳寿命 启动过程 优化 

分 类 号：TK225[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]