精神发育迟滞患者的犯罪学特征分析  

The Criminological Characteristics of Mental Retardation

作　　者：尚庆娟[1] 胡泽卿[1] 蔡伟雄[2] 于晓东[1] 顾艳[1] 江明君[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医学中心司法精神病学教研室,四川成都610041 [2]司法部司法鉴定科学技术研究所,上海200063

出　　处：《法医学杂志》2006年第1期58-60,69,共4页Journal of Forensic Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨司法精神病学鉴定中精神发育迟滞(MR)患者的犯罪学特征。方法采用自编的司法精神病学鉴定案例登记量表,对83例MR患者的犯罪学特征进行分析,并对轻度MR与中重度MR的犯罪学特征进行比较。结果MR涉嫌犯罪者中轻度MR占62.7%,中度MR占22.9%。性犯罪占37.3%,凶杀占34.7%,财产犯罪等占28.0%。犯罪动机明确者占96.1%。有犯罪史者占34.7%。轻度MR与中重度MR两组间作案预谋(χ2=11.9,P=0.001)、作案目标确定(χ2=7.531,P=0.006)、作案动机(χ2=7.920,P=0.019)、作案类型(χ2=7.855,P=0.02)有显著性差异。结论MR涉嫌犯罪者以轻度居多,犯罪类型以性犯罪及凶杀犯罪占比例较大,大多数犯罪动机明确。轻度MR组有作案预谋、作案前确定目标者明显高于中重度MR组。中重度MR作案动机为性满足者明显高于轻度MR。Objective To explore the criminological characteristics of mental retardation （MR） in forensic psychiatry. Methods The record scale of forensic psychiatric assessment designed by ourselves was used to analyse the criminological characteristics of 83 offenders with MR, and to compare the criminological characteristics of mild MR with that of moderate and severe MR. Results The mild MR accounted for 62.7%, moderate and severe MR was 22.9%. The percentage of sex offenders in MR was 37.3%, manslaughter 34.7%, property offences 28.0%, respectively. Additionally, 96.1% cases with MR have definite criminal motives, and the criminal history was established in 34.7% cases. Significant differences of criminal premeditation （xE=11.9,P=0.001）, criminal aim（x2=7.531, P=0.006）, criminal motive（x^2=7.920, P= 0.019） and criminal types（x^2=7.855, P=0.02） were found between the mild MR and the moderate, severe MR. Conclusions The criminal offenders were mostly found in mild MR. The sex offenders and manslaughter were in outright majority, and most of them had definite criminal motives. The proportion of offenders in mild MR who had criminal premeditation and criminal aim was higher significantly than which in the moderate, severe MR. The proportion of offenders in moderate, severe MR whose criminal motive was for sex was higher than that in mild MR.

关 键 词：精神发育迟滞 犯罪学特征 司法精神病学 

分 类 号：R919.3[医药卫生—药学] R749.93