医院船医疗卫生人员晕船病及相关因素研究  

Research on medical workers' seasickness and related factors in Hospital Ship

作　　者：曾伟杰[1] 吴桂荣[1] 支晓兴[2] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第四二一医院,广州510318 [2]华南理工大学生物力学研究所

出　　处：《现代护理》2006年第1期4-6,共3页Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的探讨医院船医疗卫生人员(以下称医院船人员)晕船状况及其应对方式,为预防晕船病提供科学依据。方法在出航前1周和出航第3 d采用自行设计一般项目调查表、艾森克个性测量问卷(EPQ)、特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSOI)对126名医院船人员进行调查。结果轻度晕船59例,中度晕船28例,重度晕船4例。在晕船后注意力难以集中80例,难以入睡或易惊醒53例,易惊惹或易发脾气31例,出现过分的惊跳反应13例。出航组EPQ精神质(P)分、神经质(N)分明显高于出航前(P<0.05),而内外向(E)分、掩饰(L)分2组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。将出航组神经质维度进行条目分析,则以EPQ的第12条、第3条、第73条、第82条、第59条的出现频率较高;52.4%的人睡眠质量差,PSOI各成分之间多数均成显著性正相关关系(P<0.01),睡眠质量、入睡时间、PSQI总分与消极应对方式呈显著正相关关系(P<0.01)。结论风浪和涌是引起晕船病的主要因素,晕船者存在情绪不稳定和精神疲劳现象,应对医院船员人员加强抗缺氧、抗躁音、抗异味、抗晃动等为一体的综合训练和心理耐力训练,不断改善舱室的通风条件和工作环境。Objective To explore the seasickness and coping style of medical workers in hospital ship （MWHS） in order to provide scientific reference for seasickness prevention. Methods 126 MWHSs were investigated at one week before going to sea and third day after launching out by self--designed questionnaire, Eysenck personality questionnaire（EPQ）, traits of coping style questionnaires （TCSQ） and Pittsburgh sleep quality index（PSQI）. Results Among 126 MWHSs, 59 MWHSs suffered mild seasickness, 28 suffered moderate seasickness,4 suffered severe seasickness. After suffering seasickness, 80 MWHSs were hard to concentrate their attention,53 were hard to sleep or easy to wake,31 were easy to be offended or get angry and 13 had excessive jumping reaction. The score of P（psychotieism） and N （neuroticism） in EPQ after launching were obviously higher than before launching （P 〈 0.05）, but the score of E（extrovert） and L（conceal） were not remarkable different （P 〈 0.05）. The dimensionality of the after launching Group psychoticism were analyzed in detail and it was indicated that item No. 12, No. 3,No. 73,No. 82,No. 59 in EPQ appeared in higher frequency. 52.4% had bad sleeping quality. There were significant positive correlations in most components of PSOI. There were significant negative correlations among sleeping quality, falling asleep time, total PSQI score and negative coping style （P〈 0.01）. Conclusions Storm and surge are the key factors that cause seasickness and patients with seasickness had unstable emotion and mental weariness. MWHSs should be strengthen in synthesis training and mental training about against oxygen lack, anti--noise, anti-- peculiar smell, anti--shake and so on as well as improve aeration condition and work environment.

关 键 词：医院船 艾森克个性问卷 匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表 医疗卫生人员 晕船病 

分 类 号：R83[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]