草地蝗虫吸捕机吹吸式吸嘴的试验研究  

The Experimental Study of the Suction Mouth of the Pneumatic Grassland Locust Suction Trap Machine

作　　者：杜文亮[1] 刘建民[1] 赵卫东[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学机电工程学院,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《农机化研究》2006年第3期137-140,共4页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50265002)

摘　　要：针对草地蝗虫吸捕机吸捕率低、蝗虫破碎等问题,在对原直吸式吸嘴进行理论分析的基础上,结合蝗虫在吸捕时的躲避特性以及对蝗虫悬浮速度的实验测定,设计了吹吸式吸嘴。在实验室条件下对吸口气流速度、吹口气流速度、吹口倾角、吹口宽度等影响吹吸式吸嘴回旋气幕形成的主要因素进行了试验研究,并与直吸式吸嘴进行了对比试验。试验表明:吹吸式吸嘴可将吸口气流速度从原来直吸式的20m/s降低为现在的14m/s,减轻了后续设备的负荷;与具有相同吸口气流速度的直吸式吸嘴相比,其轴向、径向吸捕距离分别延长到1.5～2倍,负压吸捕区增大到2～3倍,能够有效地吸捕蝗虫,提高了吸捕率。Aiming to the lower rate of suction trap and locust bumping against the suction mouth wall and smashing etc. the push-pull suction mouth was designed, based on the theoretic analysis of the previous direct suction mouth, and the jumping and dodging characteristics of the locust when they are sucked and measuring of locust＇s suspension speed. The main factors e.g. the airflow speed at the suction mouth and the blow mouth, the obliquity of the blow mouth, the width of the blow mouth which affect the form of the convolute air cover are studied. Comparing with the previous direct suction, the experiment results showed： The airflow speed of suction mouth was decreased from 20m/s to 14m/s, which can reduce burden of subsequent equipments. Comparing with the direct suction mouth, the axial and radial dimensions were extended 1.5-2 times of the previous suction trap dimensions, and the negative pressure suction trap field was enlarged 2-3 times of the previous negative pressure suction trap field. Locusts in the enlarged negative pressure field will be sucked effectively, so efficiency of suction trap will be greatly improved.

关 键 词：植物保护 吸捕机 试验 蝗虫 吸嘴 吸捕率 

分 类 号：S499[农业科学—植物保护]