哺乳动物细胞DNA非同源末端连接及其生物学意义  

Mechanism of Non-homologous End Joining and Its Biological Implications

作　　者：严雨倩[1] 周平坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院放射医学研究所辐射与防护评价研究室,北京市100850

出　　处：《医学分子生物学杂志》2006年第1期69-72,共4页Journal of Medical Molecular Biology

摘　　要：DNA双链断裂是发生在哺乳动物细胞基因组水平上最严重的损伤。双链断裂得不到修复,细胞将会死亡或发生染色体断裂、丢失,若是错误修复将导致基因突变或基因组不稳定,增加癌症的风险度。哺乳动物细胞有两种重要的DNA双链断裂修复方式:非同源末端连接和同源重组。非同源末端连接途径除了在DNA双链断裂修复中起重要作用外,在V(D)J重组、HIV-1病毒整合宿主基因,以及假基因和重复序列的插入上也起着重要作用。由于非同源末端连接参与了机体许多重要的生理过程,因而其研究受到极大关注,并取得突破性的进展。DNA double strand breaks are among the most dangerous lesions that can occur in the genome of mammalian cells. If not repaired, the breakage can result in lethality or chromosome breakage, and if misrepaired, it can cause mutation, gene instability and the increased rate of tumorigenesis. Mammalian cells accomplish DSBs via two pathways： non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination. Apart from DNA repair, non-homologous end joining （NHEJ） may play a role in V（ D）J recombination, and integration of HIV-1 genome into a host genome, as well as the insertion of pseudogenes and repetitive sequences into the genome of mammalian cells. Since NHEJ is involved in a variety of physiological processes, remarkable advances have been made over the past decade.

关 键 词：DNA双链断裂 非同源末端连接 DNA依赖蛋白激酶 端粒 病毒整合 

分 类 号：Q730.55[生物学—分子生物学]