普通针毛蕨配子体发育的研究  

Observation on the gametophyte development of Macrothelypteris torresiana

作　　者：张开梅[1] 石雷[1] 李东[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所

出　　处：《植物研究》2006年第1期70-73,共4页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：国家自然科技资源平台项目(2004DKA30430);中国科学院典型培养物保藏委员会植物离体库项目;国家自然科学基金(30200019)

摘　　要：采用混合土培养普通针毛蕨（Macrothelypteris torresiana （Gaud．） Ching）孢子，显微镜下观察记录其孢子萌发及配子体发育过程。结果表明：孢子褐色，赤道面观为半圆形，极面观椭圆形，单裂缝。播种3d左右孢子萌发，萌发类型为书带蕨型，配子体发育为槲蕨型。播种7d左右发育为片状体，丝状体与片状体两阶段的界限不明显。原叶体边缘及背腹面均可产生毛状体。播种21d左右发育形成幼原叶体，成熟原叶体呈心脏形。播种35d左右开始有性器官出现，精子器近圆球形，由3个细胞组成，成熟颈卵器颈部由4列细胞组成，4～5层细胞高。原叶体受精后1个月内即可观察到从原叶体上生成的幼胚。The spores of the Macrothelypteris torresiana （Gaud.） Ching were cultured in the mixed soil. The spore germination and the gametophytic development were observed by microscope. The result exhibits that the spores are brown, monolete, and semicircle-shaped in equatorial view and elliptical in polar view. The spores germinate about three days after sowing. The germination is of the Vittaria-type while the gametophyte development is of Drynaria-type. The prothallial plates come into form about seven days after sowing. The radius is not so obvious between the germ filaments stage and the prothallial plates stage. Hairs can occur on both the surfaces and margin of the prothalli. The young prothalli develop in 21 days after sowing and the mature prothalli are cordate. The Antheridium form in 35 days after sowing. The antheridia are like pellets and composed of 3 cells. The archegonial neck is usually formed by 4 rows of cells and 4 to 5 cells high at maturity. Young embryos can be observed growing from the prothalli in one month after sowing.

关 键 词：普通针毛蕨 孢子萌发 配子体发育 

分 类 号：S682.35[农业科学—观赏园艺] S435.121.4[农业科学—园艺学]